6~36月龄婴幼儿膳食多样性与自报患病的相关性分析

Analysis of The Relationship Between Dietary Diversity and Self-reported Diseases in Children Aged 6 to 36 Months

目的:探究中国10城市6~36月龄婴幼儿膳食多样性与自报患病情况的相关性。方法:基于2019—2020年在中国10城市开展的横断面调查的数据,通过问卷收集婴幼儿的相关人口学特征、自报患病情况及膳食多样性情况,使用卡方检验、Logistic回归、负二项回归模型分析婴幼儿膳食多样性与自报患病发生率及患病次数之间的相关性。结果:我国城市婴幼儿最低膳食多样性满足率为74.6%,婴幼儿年龄越大、家庭人均月收入越高、父亲教育程度越高其最低膳食多样性满足率更高(P<0.05)。满足最低膳食多样性的婴幼儿其呼吸系统疾病(IRR=0.76,95%CI:0.58~0.98,P=0.035)以及腹泻(IRR=0.65,95%CI:0.48~0.88,P=0.006)发生的次数更低。暂未发现婴幼儿膳食多样性与各自报疾病的发生率之间存在显著相关关系。结论:中国城市6~36月龄婴幼儿膳食多样性与呼吸系统疾病以及腹泻存在一定关联。

【Objective】To explore the correlation between dietary diversity and self-reported diseases among children aged 6 to 36 months in 10 cities in China.【Method】Based on the data of a cross-sectional survey conducted in 10 cities in China from 2019 to 2020,the relevant demographic characteristics,self-reported diseases prevalence and dietary diversity of children aged 6 to 36 months were collected through questionnaires.And the correlation between the dietary diversity and the incidence and frequency of self-reported diseases was analyzed using chi-square test,logistic regression and negative binomial regression models.【Result】The minimum dietary diversity satisfaction rate of urban children in China was 74.6%.The older the children were,the higher the family's per capita monthly income was,and the higher their father's education level was,the higher the minimum dietary diversity satisfaction rate was(P<0.05).The study found that children who met the minimum dietary diversity had lower frequency of respiratory diseases(IRR=0.76,95%CI:0.58—0.98,P=0.035)and diarrhea(IRR=0.65,95%CI:0.48—0.88,P=0.006).There was no significant correlation between dietary diversity and the incidence of reported diseases.【Conclusion】The dietary diversity of children aged 6 to 36 months in urban China is related to respira⁃tory diseases and diarrhea.