马铃薯原原种雾培法栽培光照时间调控技术研究

Light Duration Regulation Technique for Potato Original Seed Cultivated by Fog Cultivation Method

试验采用黑膜遮挡水培架上的马铃薯植株茎叶,设置白天与夜间不同的光照时间处理,研究不同光照时间处理对马铃薯植株生长及结薯的影响。结果表明,光照时间8 h、黑暗时间16 h处理(处理(8))的马铃薯匍匐茎形成量最多,同时茎叶黄化速度加快;其次为光照时间9 h、黑暗时间15 h处理(处理(7)),马铃薯匍匐茎形成量次于处理(8),但马铃薯茎叶黄化速度慢,有利于块茎膨大生长及茎叶的正常生长。可以看出光照时间长、黑暗时间短,植株营养生长旺盛、叶绿素含量高、生长快,匍匐茎不形成;随着光照时间变短、黑暗时间变长,植株营养生长变慢,生殖生长加快,匍匐茎逐步形成,顶端开始膨大。

In this experiment,the potato plants'stems and leaves were covered with black film on the hydroponic racks to change the light duration during the day and night.Different light duration treatments were set to study their effects on the growth and tuber formation of potato plants.The results showed that the treatment with 8 hours of light and 16 hours of darkness(Treatment⑧)had the highest amount of potato runners formed,but the yellowing rate of stems and leaves increased.The treatment with 9 hours of light and 15 hours of darkness(Treatment⑦)had less potato runners formed compared to Treatment⑧,but the yellowing rate of stems and leaves was slower,which was beneficial for the enlargement of tubers and the normal growth of stems and leaves.Longer light duration and shorter darkness led to vigorous vegetative growth of the plants,higher chlorophyll content,faster growth rate,and no formation of runners.As the light duration decreased and darkness duration increased,the plants'vegetative growth slowed down,reproductive growth accelerated,and runners gradually formed,with the top starting to enlarge.