黄芪活性成分治疗心力衰竭作用机制的研究进展

Mechanism of Active Ingredients of Astragalus Membranacus in Treating Heart Failure:A Review

心力衰竭是当前主要的心血管系统疾病之一,是一种因心脏结构及功能变化,导致射血功能受损或心室充盈的临床综合征,已成为21世纪最为重要的心血管病症,近年来,心力衰竭的发病率逐年上升,且心力衰竭患者的生存率极低。中医药在防治心力衰竭方面有着丰富经验,随着中医药现代化发展,中药有效活性成分的研究与开发应用得到越来越多的关注。中医药通过辨证论治多靶点多通路在改善心力衰竭患者的心功能方面有独特优势。中药黄芪作为一种益气活血类药物,有益气活血、扶正祛邪的功效,具有改善心肌能量代谢、改善血流动力学、保护心肌、促进血管生成等作用,临床中以黄芪治疗各类心力衰竭患者,常获良效。近年来研究发现黄芪主要活性成分黄芪甲苷、黄芪多糖、槲皮素、毛蕊异黄酮等可通过抑制炎症反应、抑制心肌细胞凋亡、抑制心肌纤维化等多种途径改善心功能治疗心力衰竭。该文通过梳理相关文献,对黄芪活性成分在治疗心力衰竭的作用及机制进行了综述,以期为其在防治心力衰竭中的深入研究及开发应用提供参考。

Heart failure is one of the main cardiovascular system diseases at present,and it is a clinical syndrome caused by changes in cardiac structure and function,resulting in impaired ejection function or ventricular filling.Therefore,heart failure has become the most important cardiovascular disease in the 21st century.In recent years,the incidence of heart failure is increasing,and the survival rate of patients with heart failure is very low.Traditional Chinese medicine has rich experience in preventing and treating heart failure.With the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine,more and more attention has been paid to the research,development,and application of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine.Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in improving the heart function of patients with heart failure by treating multiple targets and multiple pathways through syndrome differentiation.Astragalus membranacus,a traditional Chinese medicine,is a kind of medicine that benefits Qi and blood circulation and removes evil spirits.It has the functions of improving myocardial energy metabolism and hemodynamics,protecting myocardial muscle,and promoting angiogenesis.Astragalus membranaceus is often used to treat patients with heart failure,yielding remarkable results.In recent years,it has been found that astragaloside,Astragalus polysaccharide,quercetin,calyx isoflavones,and other main active ingredients of Astragalus membranacus can improve cardiac function and treat heart failure by inhibiting inflammatory response,myocardial apoptosis,and myocardial fibrosis.This paper reviewed the research progress of the action and mechanism of the active ingredients of Astragalus membranacus in the treatment of heart failure by studying relevant literature,with a view to providing a reference for its further research,development,and application in the prevention and treatment of heart failure.