凉粉草不同部位多糖和黄酮含量测定及水培研究

Determination and Analysis of Polysaccharide and Flavonoid Content of Different Parts of Mesona chinensis and Research on Hydroponics

为了提高凉粉草不同部位的利用率、进一步开发其药食两用价值,采用蒽酮-硫酸法对新鲜采摘的、储存1、4个月的凉粉草叶、茎、花、根的多糖含量进行测定和分析;采用乙醇回流法对新鲜采摘的、储存时间1、4个月的凉粉草叶、茎、花、根的黄酮含量进行测定和分析;此外,还探究了PBU(N-苯基-N-噻唑基脲)、6-BA(6-苄氨基嘌呤)、KT(N6-呋喃甲基腺嘌呤)、NAA(α-萘乙酸)、IBA(吲哚丁酸)5种外源生长调节物对水培凉粉草生根的影响,以及不同浓度梯度的N6·MS培养液对水培凉粉草生长的影响。结果显示:凉粉草各部位多糖含量从高到低依次为叶、茎、根、花,各部位黄酮含量从高到低依次为花、叶、茎、根;新鲜采摘的凉粉草各部位的多糖和黄酮含量均高于储存1、4个月凉粉草,二者含量均随储存时间延长总体呈下降趋势,仅储存1个月的茎多糖含量不降反升;PBU、6-BA对水培凉粉草生根促进效果相对较差,KT、NAA、IBA对水培凉粉草生根促进效果相对较好,但KT促生根较细密,NAA促生根较粗壮、稀疏,IBA中等;各外源调节物促水培凉粉草生根效果最佳浓度均为0.5 mg/L,随浓度增加促生根效果依次递减;凉粉草在不同浓度N6·MS营养液中出现短暂的重量负增长后,均表现出不同程度的增重,增重率从大到小依次为:1/8浓度>1/6浓度>1/4浓度>1/10浓度>1/2浓度,但1/2浓度和1/4浓度的N6·MS培养液出现不同程度“烧苗”现象。

To improve the utilization of different parts of M.chinensis Benth and further develop its medicinal and edible value,the anthrone-sulfuric acid method and ethanol refluxing method were used to determine and analyze the polysaccharide and flavonoid contents,respectively,of leaves,stems,roots,and flowers.These plants were subsequently fresh and stored for one month or four months.In addition,the effect of the concentration gradient of PBU,6-BA,KT,NAA,and IBA on M.chinensis rooting was studied,and M.chinensis growth was evaluated via hydroponic solution analysis.The results showed that the polysaccharide content decreased from high to low in the leaf,stem,root,and flower samples.However,the flavon-oids in the flower,leaf,root,and stem tissues from the most to least common were extracted,and the polysaccharide and fla-vonoid contents of all the parts of fresh M.chinensis were greater than those of M.chinensis stored for one month or four months,except for the polysaccharide content in the stem stored for one month.Both indices decreased with increasing storage time,and the decreasing trend was more distinct in the first month of storage.The rooting ability of PBU and 6-BA was rela-tively poor,while that of KT,NAA,and IBA was relatively superior.However,the roots induced by KT were fine and dense,the roots induced by NAA were stocky and sparse,and the roots induced by IBA exhibited intermediate growth.The optimum concentration of exogenous growth regulators,including PBU,6-BA,KT,NAA,and IBA,was 0.5 mg·L–1,which had the greatest effect on rooting induction.With the progressive increase in concentration,the induction of rooting decreased pro-gressively.M.chinensis exhibited unequal weight gain after temporary negative weight gain;its weight-growth rate in a con-centration gradient of N6·MS hydroponic solution was 1/8 N6·MS,1/6 N6·MS,1/4 N6·MS,1/10 N6·MS,and 1/2 N6·MS,but 1/2N6·MS and 1/4N6·MS led to the loss of water,which appeared to indicate that the sprouts had burned at different levels.