钨丝增强非晶复合材料弹芯高速侵彻熔化快凝层研究

Study on melted and rapidly solidified layer of tungsten wire reinforced amorphous composite bullet core in high-speed penetration

对钨丝增强非晶复合材料弹芯高速侵彻靶板时产生的熔化快凝层进行了扫描电镜观察、能谱分析和X衍射分析,研究了弹靶作用下界面温升机理。结果表明,与传统钨合金相比,钨丝增强非晶复合材料具有更好的“自锐”效应,侵彻能力得到了有效提升;熔化快凝层生成温度应高于1670℃,高温效应有助于提升其侵彻能力;熔化快凝层成分包含靶板材料(Fe、Cr、Mn)和弹芯材料(Zr、Ti、Cu、Ni、W)。其中W的原子分数仅有3.15%,且W元素主要以熔化或熔解方式存在于熔化快凝层中;非晶复合材料弹芯侵彻靶板时反喷物中存在TiW相。弹靶作用界面巨大的冲击导致弹靶材料受到冲击压缩并发生塑性变形、断裂等,引起弹靶作用界面温度急剧升高。

The scanning electron microscopy observation,energy spectrum analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis of the melted and rapidly solidified layer formed in high-speed penetration of tungsten wire reinforced amorphous composite bullet core into the target plate,the temperature rise mechanism of the interface under bullet target interaction was studied.The results show that compared with traditional tungsten alloy,tungsten wire reinforced amorphous composite has better“self-sharpening”effect,and the penetration ability is effectively improved.The formation temperature of the melted and rapidly solidified layer should be higher than 1670℃,and the high temperature effect is helpful to improve its penetration ability.The composition of melted and rapidly solidified layer consists of target plate materials(Fe,Cr,Mn)and bullet core materials(Zr,Ti,Cu,Ni and W).The atom fraction of W is only 3.15%,and the W element mainly exists in the melting or molten state in the melted and rapidly solidified layer.TiW phase exists in the rebounded materials when amorphous composite bullet core penetrator into the target plate.The huge impact of the bullet traget interaction causes the bullet-target material to be compressed and plastic deformed and fractured,which causes the temperature of the interface of traget interaction to rise sharply.