缓和医疗中的伦理学问题

Ethical Issues in Palliative Care

随着医疗理念的更新,缓和医疗已成为生命终末期患者照护的重要组成部分,与此同时,其所涉及的伦理学问题日益凸显。本文通过综述国内外缓和医疗伦理学相关研究,旨在梳理缓和医疗中5个关键的伦理学问题,包括讲真话、预立照护计划、维生干预的使用、缓和镇静、安乐死和协助死亡与缓和医疗的关系,为缓和医疗实践提供了伦理学视角,以期帮助从事缓和医疗的专业人员加深认知,更好地为患者及其家属提供高质量照护,同时为相关法律法规和政策的制定提供参考。

With the transformation of medical philosophy,palliative care has become a fundamental component of end-of-life care for patients with life-threatening illnesses,meanwhile ethical issues involved in palliative care are becoming more prominent.This article,through a comprehensive review of both domestic and international ethical research,articulates five crucial ethical issues inherent to palliative care:truth-telling,advance care planning,the use of life-sustaining interventions,palliative sedation,and the relationship between euthanasia,assisted dying,and palliative care.The objective is to offer an ethical perspective for palliative care,help professionals in palliative care to address the critical ethical issues in practice,improve the quality of care for patients and their families,and to inform the development of related legal,regulatory,and policy frameworks.