互联网适老化改造背景下老年群体健康信息共享行为研究

Health information sharing behaviors of the elderly under the context of senior-friendly transformation of internet

目的 调查北京市老年人群的新媒体使用情况、健康信息需求及其分享健康信息意愿和行为的影响因素。方法 本研究以北京市≥60岁老年人为研究对象,通过整合信息生态理论和整合技术使用与接受模型编制量表进行问卷调查,对各维度量表得分进行统计分析,对其健康信息分享行为影响因素进行结构方程模型分析。结果 共调查1110名≥60岁老年人,智能手机使用接受程度良好,并且对其他如智能音箱等新媒体产品表现出一定的使用倾向;即时通信类应用(微信)、网络资讯类应用(今日头条)和短视频内容应用(抖音)是受访老年群体常用手机应用的前3名,受访老年群体比较关注于营养膳食、运动健身和疾病预防等议题健康信息;自我效能(β=0.081,P<0.001)、集体主义(β=0.096,P<0.001)、社会规范(β=0.140,P=0.001)、感知技术促进性(β=0.468,P<0.001)、感知信息有用性(β=0.198,P<0.001)和健康信息分享意愿之间存在直接正向关系,可经由分享意愿有效促进分享行为的发生。结论 本研究将信息生态和健康信息行为之间建立新的联系,创新性提出了信息生态拓展的整合技术使用与接受模型能够解释健康信息分享意愿74.3%的变异。

Objective To explore the usage of new media,the demand on health information,and impact factors for willingness to share health information(WSHI)and health information sharing behaviors(HISB)among the elderly in Beijing.Methods In this study,a total of 1110 research samples over 60 years old in Beijing were selected.The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model based on Information Ecology Theory(IET-UTAUT model)were expanded and proposed,and a self-designed scale was adopted.Structural equation models were used to study the impact factors of WHSI and HISB among the elderly.Results The respondents had good acceptances of mobile phone use,and also showed a certain tendency to use other smart new media products.Instant messaging applications represented by WeChat,online information applications represented by Jinritoutiao,and short video content applications represented by Tiktok were the most commonly used and popular mobile applications among the elderly.The respondents were more concerned about health information on topics such as"nutritious diet","exercise fitness"and"disease prevention".This study found that there were direct positive relationships between self-efficacy(β=0.081,P<0.001),collectivism(β=0.096,P<0.001),social norms(β=0.140,P=0.001),perceived technology facilitation(β=0.468,P<0.001),perceived usefulness of information(β=0.198,P<0.001)and WSHI.Conclusion This study establishes a new link between information ecology and health information behavior,and the innovatively proposed IET-UTAUT model could explain 74.3%of the variation in the willingness to share health information.