代谢组学在食品品质研究中的应用进展

Progress in application of metabolomics in the study of food quality

随着经济的快速发展和生活水平的不断提高,食品的营养价值、品质安全受到人们的广泛关注。代谢组学是继基因组学、转录组学和蛋白质组学后的一门新兴组学,日益成为食品科学研究中一种重要的分析技术。代谢处于生命活动调控的末端,相较于其他组学,代谢组学更接近表型。作为一种新型研究手段,代谢组学从整体水平上研究生命体代谢活动和状态,对生物体系中的小分子化合物进行定性定量研究,具有高通量、高灵敏性和高准确性等特点,可以有效克服传统方法的局限性。本文概述了代谢组学的概念、研究方法、分析技术,并介绍了近年来国内外对代谢组学在食品营养、食品安全、食品加工、食品溯源及转基因食品等方面的应用与研究进展,为后续研究提供参考。

With the rapid development of the economy and the continuous improvement of the living standard,the nutritional value,quality and safety of food have been widely concerned.Metabolomics is an emerging field after genomics,transcriptomics and proteomics,and it is becoming an important analytical technology in food science research.Metabolism is at the end of the regulation of life activities,and metabolomics is closer to phenotype than other omics.As a novel research tool,metabolomics studies the metabolic activities and states of living organisms from the overall level,and conducts qualitative and quantitative studies on small molecule compounds in biological systems,which is characterised by high throughput,high sensitivity and high accuracy,and can effectively overcome the limitations of traditional methods.This paper outlined the concept of metabolomics,research methods,analysis techniques,and introduced the application and research progress of metabolomics in food nutrition,food safety,food processing,food traceability and genetically modified food at home and abroad in recent years,which provides a reference for the subsequent research.