人乳头瘤病毒检测方法最新进展

Recent advancements in human papillomavirus detection methodology

人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)是最常见的性传播病毒,尤其是高危型HPV可感染黏膜上皮细胞造成细胞恶性转化,导致的恶性肿瘤包括宫颈癌、头颈癌、肛门癌、阴茎癌、外阴癌和阴道癌等,其中宫颈癌负担最重。高危型HPV持续感染被认为是其发病的必要病因。因此,如何通过HPV检测识别早期感染并确定HPV感染状态,这对于宫颈癌的预防具有重要意义。此外,HPV检测还可用于疫苗效力评估、细胞学异常妇女分流、预测治疗后的疗效和鉴别HPV相关恶性肿瘤等。迄今为止对现有HPV检测方法进行总结的研究不足,本文旨在全面概述目前已有的HPV检测方法,包括其原理、应用环境和临床价值,为HPV检测的临床实践提供参考,最终实现降低HPV相关疾病发病率和死亡率的目的。

Human papillomavirus(HPV)is the most common sexually transmitted virus,of which high-risk HPV mainly infects mucosal epithelial cells causing malignant transformation of the cells.HPV infection could ultimately develop to malignant tumors including cervical,head and neck,anal,penile,vulvar,and vaginal cancers.The burden of cervical cancer is highest among these cancers and high-risk HPV persistent infection is considered an etiologic factor in its development.Therefore,it is crucial to identify early infected cases and determine HPV infection status by HPV testing.HPV testing can also be used for prophylactic HPV vaccine efficacy assessment,triage of women with cytological abnormalities,prediction of post-treatment efficacy and identification of HPV-attributable malignant lesions.There is the scarcity of studies elucidating the existing HPV detection methodologies.Through providing a comprehensive landscape of the currently available HPV detection methodologies,including their principles,applications,and clinical use,the ultimate objective is to provide information for the clinical practice of HPV detection,so as to reduce the incidence and mortality rates of HPV-associated diseases.