Ni-Co-P中间层优化玄武岩纤维增强铝基复合材料的界面结构和力学性能

Interfacial Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Basalt Fibers Reinforced Aluminium Matrix Composites Optimized by Ni-Co-P Intermediate Layer

界面优化是提高铝基复合材料最为有效的手段。通过化学镀工艺成功制备0.2μm厚Ni-Co-P合金镀层修饰的玄武岩纤维,并通过真空热压烧结工艺合成Ni-Co-P镀层修饰玄武岩纤维增强2024Al复合材料(BF(Ni-Co-P)/Al)。探究了Ni-Co-P镀层对BF(Ni-Co-P)/Al复合材料界面结构及拉伸性能的影响机制。结果表明:复合材料中Ni-Co-P镀层形成稳定的Ni-Co-P中间层,不仅抑制了玄武岩纤维与铝合金基体间的有害界面反应,且优化了二者间的结合强度。BF(Ni-Co-P)/Al复合材料密度及硬度明显优于BF/Al复合材料,且当玄武岩纤维体积分数为30vol%时,BF(Ni-Co-P)/Al复合材料屈服强度和抗拉伸强度分别为252和360 MPa,大幅高于未修饰纤维增强铝基复合材料和铝合金基体,并表现出渐进累积失效的断裂模式。

Interface optimization is an effective way to improve the performance of aluminum matrix composites.Basalt fibers(BF)modified by Ni-Co-P alloy coatings with about 0.2μm in thickness were prepared by electroless plating firstly,and then Ni-Co-P coated basalt fibers reinforced 2024Al matrix composites(BF(Ni-Co-P)/Al)and uncoated basalt fibers reinforced 2024Al matrix composites(BF/Al)were fabricated by vacuum hot pressing sintering process.The effects of Ni-Co-P coatings on the interface microstructure and tensile properties of BF(Ni-Co-P)/Al composites were studied.The results show that stable Ni-Co-P intermediate layer is formed in BF(Ni-Co-P)/Al composites,which can not only restrain harmful interface reaction but also optimize the interface bonding state between matrix and basalt fiber.The density and hardness of BF(Ni-Co-P)/Al composites are superior to those of BF/Al composites,and yield strength(252 MPa)and ultimate tensile strength(360 MPa)of BF(Ni-Co-P)/Al composites with basalt fibers content of 30vol%have a significant improvement compared with those of BF/Al composites and 2024Al matrix,and the fracture mode is progressive accumulative failure.