一种流感病毒多宿主传播的量化研究方法

A quantitative research method for multi-host transmission of influenza Avirus

目的探究甲型流感病毒宿主分布规律,量化评估其多宿主传播趋势。方法从流感病毒公共数据库中下载流感病毒全基因组数据,对编码序列进行特征提取,采用自然聚类结果对流感病毒进行宿主分布与进化态势分析,建立宿主谱熵值计算方法量化评估流感病毒多宿主传播扩散趋势,并使用机器学习方法对分析结果进行验证。结果H3N2型流感病毒多宿主分布界限清晰,具有最低宿主谱熵值;H9N2型流感病毒多宿主分布混乱,不同宿主的毒株序列相似程度高,具有最高宿主谱熵值。不同类型甲型流感病毒的宿主谱熵值大小与多宿主传播扩散趋势紧密相关。结论受传播环境与选择压力的影响,不同流感病毒的进化方向与多宿主传播趋势呈现出较为明显的差异,较为适应人类宿主的H3N2流感病毒的多宿主传播趋势更有序,而频繁发生跨宿主传播的H7N9、H9N2等禽流感病毒的多宿主传播趋势更混乱,进化方向也更多样。宿主谱熵值是衡量流感病毒多宿主传播趋势与进化方向有序性的高效计算方法,利用该方法有助于了解流感病毒的进化与多宿主分布,评估传播风险,可为流感病毒的监测和预警提供新的见解。

Objective To investigate the host distribution of influenza A virus and quantitatively analyze its expansion across multiple host species.Methods The whole genome data of influenza A virus was downloaded from the public database.The characteristics of coding sequences were extracted and analyzed.The host distribution and evolution of influenza viruses were examined using natural clustering results.A method for quantifying the expansion dynamics among multiple hosts,known as host profile entropy calculation,was established.Machine learning techniques were employed to validate the results of analysis.Results H3N2 influenza viruses exhibited clear boundaries in host distributions,with the lowest host profile entropy.Conversely,H9N2 influenza viruses demonstrated mixed host distributions,with high sequence similarity between strains from diferent hosts and the highest host profile entropy.The host profile entropy of different subtypes of influenza A viruses were closely related to their multi-host expansion trends.Conclusion Under the influence of expansion environments and selection pressures,different influenza viruses exhibit distinct trends of evolution and expansion dynamics among multiple hosts.H3N2 influenza viruses,which are more adapted to human hosts,demonstrate a more orderly expansion dynamic among multiple hosts.On the other hand,avian influenza viruses such as H7N9 and H9N2,which frequently undergo cross-species expansion,display more chaotic expansion dynamics among multiple hosts and greater evolutionary diversity.Host profile entropy is an efficient computational method for assessing the orderly expansion dynamics and evolutionary trends of influenza viruses among multiple hosts.This method can help advance our understanding of the evolution and multi-host dynamics of influenza viruses and assess expansion risks,thus providing new perspectives for surveillance and early warning systems of influenza viruses.