西北中海拔地区卒中风险因素分析

Risk factors of stroke in medium-altitude area in northwest

目的分析我国近年来中海拔高度地区脑卒中风险因素特点,为制定更有针对性的卒中防控策略提供参考。方法基于2017-2020年国家脑卒中高危人群筛查和干预项目产生的兰州和西宁中海拔地区人群数据,分析缺血性卒中和出血性卒中的发病特点。单因素分析比较两地区各类人群的相对卒中风险,并将全部相关因素(如性别、年龄、教育程度、疾病史、生活习惯等)纳入多元Logistic回归分析。结果近年来中海拔地区的卒中发病率较低,单因素和多因素分析结果显示,卒中的危险因素有高血压、糖尿病、房颤、短暂性脑缺血发作史、吸烟、缺乏运动(P<0.001)等;海拔是卒中发生的保护因素(P=0.01)。结论中海拔地区的卒中发病率较低;除传统风险因素外,运动等生活习惯可能对西北高原地区卒中发生产生影响。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of stroke in medium-altitude areas of China in recent years and provide reference for more targeted prevention and control of stroke.Methods Based on the data from screening and intervention projects for high-risk groups of stroke between 2017 and 2020,Lanzhou and Xining were selected as the two medium-altitude cities to analyze the incidence of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.Single factor analysis was used to analyze the risk factors in the two cities.All related factors(such as gender,age,education levels,disease history and lifestyles)were included in multiple logistic regression analysis.Results In recent years,the incidence of stroke in medium-altitude areas was relatively low.The results of single and multiple factor analysis showed that the risk factors included hypertension,diabetes,blood lipids,atrial fibrillation,TIA,smoking and lack of exercise(P<0.001).However,altitude was a protective factor for stroke(P=0.01).Conclusion The incidence of stroke in medium-altitude areas is comparatively low.In addition to traditional risk factors,lifestyles such as exercise may have an impact on the incidence of stroke in western plateau areas.