黑木耳富锶菌株的筛选及锶在胞内物质中的分布

Screening of Strontium-Rich Auricularia auricula Strains and Distribution of Strontium in Intracellular Substances

为开发新的黑木耳[Auricularia auricula(L.)Underw]产品,发挥锶元素在医学和保健领域的潜在应用价值,本研究筛选耐锶、富锶的黑木耳菌株,初步研究富锶黑木耳中锶的分布规律。以5个不同品种的黑木耳菌株(新科、神农A8、秦单4#、LS-256、耳91)为试验材料,通过浓度梯度锶处理,筛选出耐锶、高锶富集的品种并采用不同的浸提液提取黑木耳菌丝和子实体中的多糖、蛋白质、核酸和无机物质,用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)测定各组分中的锶含量。通过研究不同黑木耳对锶的耐受力和锶富集能力,筛选出耐锶且富集锶的黑木耳品种,分析锶在木耳中的分布情况。结果表明,在原始培养基中,黑木耳菌丝洁白、浓密、分布均匀;在含锶培养基中,黑木耳菌株(新科、秦单4#、LS-256和耳91)的菌丝卷曲、外围菌丝稀疏,神农A8在锶处理下的菌丝形态变化不明显。5株黑木耳在最高锶浓度(2000 mg·L^(-1))处理下的菌丝生长速率排序为神农A8(0.62 cm·d^(-1))>LS-256(0.60 cm·d^(-1))>秦单4#(0.58 cm·d^(-1))>新科(0.56 cm·d^(-1))>耳91(0.38 cm·d^(-1))。神农A8、LS-256和秦单4#菌株在含400 mg·L^(-1)锶的液体摇瓶中培养10 d后的菌丝生物量分别为6.95、6.30、3.65 g·L^(-1),对锶的吸收率分别为85%、84%、88%。在400 mg·L^(-1)锶处理下,神农A8菌丝体对锶的总吸收量为572.70 mg·kg^(-1),其中与多糖、蛋白质、核酸、无机物和其他有机物结合的锶含量分别占总锶含量的50.6%、0.9%、3.9%、0.3%和44.3%;在400 mg·kg^(-1)锶处理下,栽培神农A8子实体,发现锶的添加使得神农A8的产量从33.975 g/袋提高到42.601 g/袋,并测得子实体对锶的吸收量为226.29 mg·kg^(-1),与多糖、蛋白质、核酸、无机物和其他有机物结合的锶含量分别占总锶含量的16.4%、43.1%、1.1%、5.2%和34.1%。本研究结果为后期富锶黑木耳的产业发展奠定了基础。

To develop new products using Auricularia auricula and underw the potential application value of strontium in medical and healthcare field.Screening strontium-tolerant and strontium-enriched strains of Auricularia auricula and preliminary study of the distribution regular pattern were conducted.Five different varieties of Auricularia auricula strains(XIN Ke,SHEN Nong A8,QIN Dan 4#,LS-256,ER 91)were used as experimental materials,and the resistance of strontium,high strontium enrichment varieties were selected through the concentration gradient strontium treatment.Different solvents were used to extract the polysaccharide,protein,nucleic acid,and inorganic substances in the Auricularia auricula mycelium and fruiting body.The strontium content in each component was measured using the inductive coupling plasma atomic emission spectrometer(ICP-AES).By studying the tolerance and strontium enrichment ability of different Auricularia auricula on strontium were investigated,and the Auricularia auricula varieties with strontium resistance and strontium enrichment were screened ou,and the distribution of strontium in Auricularia auricula was analyzed.The results showed that the mycelium of Auricularia auricula was white,dense and distributed evenly in the original culture medium;in the strontium-containing culture medium,the mycelium of XIN Ke,QIN Dan 4#,LS-256 and ER 91 were curled and the peripheral mycelium were sparse,and the mycelium morphology of SHEN Nong A8 were not varied obviously under strontium treatment.Among the five agaric strains,SHEN Nong A8,QIN Dan 4#and LS-256,the top three mycelium growth rates in media with strontium concentration of 2000 mg·L^(-1) were 0.62,0.58 and 0.6 cm·d^(-1),respectively.The mycelium biomass and strontium absorption rate of SHEN Nong A8,QIN Dan 4#and LS-256 strains cultured after 10 days in a liquid shake bottle containing 400 mg·L^(-1) strontium were determined.The biomass was 6.95,6.30 and 3.65 g·L^(-1),respectively,and the absorption rate of strontium was 85%,84%and 88%,respectively.Under the treatment of 400 mg·L^(-1) strontium,the total amount of strontium absorbed by SHEN Nong A8 mycelium was 572.70 mg·kg^(-1),in which the contents of strontium bound to polysaccharides,protein,nucleic acid,inorganic substances and other organic matter accounted for 50.6%,0.9%,3.9%,0.3%and 44.3%of the total strontium content,respectively.Under 400 mg·kg^(-1) strontium treatment,cultivation of SHEN Nong A8 fruiting body that the addition of strontium increased the yield of SHEN Nong A8 from 33.975 g per bag to 42.601 g per bag and the strontium absorption was measured to be 226.29 mg·kg^(-1).The strontium content combined with polysaccharide,protein,nucleic acid,inorganic and other organic compounds accounted for 16.4%,43.1%,1.1%,5.2%and 34.1%,respectively,of the total strontium content.The results of this study laid a foundation for the industrial development of strontium-enriched Auricularia auricula products.