四川栽培羌活表型性状与品质相关性分析

Correlation Analysis Between Phenotypic Character and Quality of Cultivated Notopterygium incisum in Sichuan Province

为了探究川产高海拔地区栽培羌活(Notopterygium incisum Ting ex H.T.Chang)的植物表型性状与品质性状(羌活醇、异欧前胡素)的相关性,提高良种选育效率,本研究选取3个羌活栽培基地的四年生羌活植株183份,统计13个表型性状,并测定地下部分的羌活醇与异欧前胡素含量,通过聚类分析、冗余分析和方差分析法解析表型性状与品质性状的内在关联,筛选高品质羌活的定向选育表型性状。结果表明,基生叶片数变异系数和多样性指数在所有调查性状中最高,基生叶片表型性状以绿色、纸质、深裂、锯齿状为主,基生叶柄和花茎表型性状表现为绿色、紫色、绿色带紫纹均有分布,基生叶柄绿色和花茎浅紫色最多。聚类分析和冗余分析结果表明,地下部分羌活醇和异欧前胡素含量与基生叶片及基生叶柄颜色显著相关(P<0.05)。方差分析结果表明,以基生叶片深绿色、叶柄紫色为主要特征的羌活植株地下部分羌活醇、异欧前胡素含量及其总含量均最高。综上,羌活植株基生叶片颜色和叶柄颜色可作为羌活药材指标成分羌活醇及异欧前胡素高含量品种的定向选育表型性状。本研究结果为解决人工栽培羌活药源危机提供了有效途径,为优良种质的定向选育提供了参考依据。

To examine the association between the phenotypic and quality characters of cultivated Notopterygium incisum,namely notopterol and isoimperatorin,and to improve the efficiency of variety selection,183 four-year-old plants were selected from three artificial cultivation bases in Sichuan Province.Thirteen phenotypic characters of each plant were investigated,and the notopterol and isoimperatorin contents of their underground parts were measured.The correlation between phenotypic characters and quality characters was analyzed by cluster analysis,redundancy analysis and variance analysis,and phenotypic characters of high quality of N.incisum were screened out.The findings revealed that the coefficient of variation(CV)and diversity index(H')of basal leaf number were the highest among all the examined characters.The phenotypic attributes of basal leaves were predominantly characterized by green coloration,papery texture,deeply lobes,and serrations.The distribution of phenotypic characters in basal leaf petioles and flower stems included green,purple,and green with purple veins.The predominant color of basal leaf petioles was green,while that of flower stems was light purple.Through the utilization of cluster analysis and redundancy analysis,it was determined that the content of notopterol and isoimperatorin in the underground parts was significantly associated with the color of basal leaves and petioles(P<0.05).The analysis of variance revealed that N.incisum plants exhibiting deep green basal leaves and purple leaf petioles displayed the highest levels of notopterol and isoimperatorin.In conclusion,the coloration of basal leaves and petioles in N.incisum can serve as phenotypic markers for the purposeful cultivation of high-content varieties of notopterol and isoimperatorin,which are the key constituents of N.incisum.The results of this study offered a effective approach to address the current medicinal source crisis of cultivated N.incisum,and provide a reference basis for the targeted breeding of superior germplasm.