创伤性伤口患者居家带伤洗浴方案的安全性及有效性研究

The safety and efficacy of bath at home in patients with trauma

目的 探讨带伤洗浴方案用于不同创伤性伤口患者的安全性和效果。方法 采用探索性对比研究设计入选60例符合标准患者,并根据患者意愿分为观察组(带伤淋浴,n=30)和对照组(不带伤淋浴,n=30)。观察组患者采取标准湿性疗法处理伤口,隔日1次,并使用洗浴方案进行带伤淋浴,每周洗浴3次,每次10~15 min;对照组患者仅采取标准湿性疗法处理伤口,隔日1次。2组患者均连续干预21 d。采用脱落率评价研究对象依从性;采用伤口感染率、与淋浴相关不良事件发生率来评价安全性;采用干预后第3、7、14、21天伤口愈合计分、伤口疼痛评分、舒适度评分以及干预周期内的伤口治愈率和愈合时间评价有效性。结果 观察组和对照组全部依从治疗方案,无脱落,干预期内两组治愈率均为100%,无伤口感染,未发生与淋浴相关的不良事件。观察组愈合时间较对照组缩短[(11.13±3.84)d vs(13.23±4.12)d,P=0.046],观察组干预14 d的愈合计分明显低于对照组[(2.73±0.92)分vs(5.25±2.35)分,P=0.000],观察组干预21 d的伤口疼痛计分明显低于对照组[(0.50±0.13)分vs(1.50±0.13)分,P=0.000]、舒适度评分明显高于对照组[(112.00±0.00)分vs(105.50±0.66)分,P=0.000]。结论 创伤性伤口患者居家带伤洗浴方案的应用能有效缩短伤口愈合时间,减轻伤口疼痛,并明显提高患者舒适度和依从性。

Objective To explore the safety and efficacy of bathsat home in patients with different traumatic injuries.Methods Adopting exploratory comparative research design,60 patients who met the criteria were selected,anddivided into the obser-vation group(n=30)and control group(n=30)according to their willing.In the observation group,patients tookstandard wet therapy for the woundsonce every other day,and took a bath 3 times a week with 10-15 minutes each time.Those who did not want to take a shower with injuries were included in the control group,and only used standard wet therapy to treat the wounds once every other day.Patients in both groups were intervened continuously for 21 days.Compliance index:the drop rate was used to evaluate.Safety index:the wound infection rate and the incidence of shower-related adverse events were used to evaluate.Effectiveness index:the wound healing score,wound pain score,comfort score,wound healing rate and heal-ing time were evaluated on the 3rd,7th,14th and 21st day after in-tervention.Results The observation group and the control group all complied with the treatment plan and did not fall off.The cure rate of both groups was 100%,withno wound infection,and no shower-re-lated adverse events.The healing time of observation group was shorter than that of the control group[(11.13±3.84)d vs(13.23±4.12)d,P=0.046],the healing score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group after 14 days of in-tervention[(2.73±0.92)points vs(5.25±2.35)points,P=0.000],the wound pain score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group after 21 days of intervention[(0.50±0.13)points vs(1.50±0.13)points,P=0.000],and the comfort score was significantly higher than that of the control group[(112.00±0.00)points vs(105.50±0.66)points,P=0.000].Conclusion The application of bathsat homein patients with traumatic wounds can effectively shorten the time ofhealing,reduce wound pain,and significantly improve the comfort and compliance of patients.