供需匹配视角下青年流动人才的城市居留动因探析

The urban residence motivation of young talents from the perspective of supply and demand matching

聚焦青年流动人才不同阶段的需求与城市资源供给问题,基于供需匹配视角构建关于青年人才选择的“需求压力—供给状态—行为响应”分析框架,结合全国流动人口动态监测数据,运用多元logistic模型探究青年人才居留选择动因,提出新时代城市人才政策的优化思路。研究表明,青年人才居留意愿受不同阶段需求与城市资源供给间匹配程度的影响,初期取决于购房压力,中短期受福利政策影响,长期则更关注环境因素与心理需要;且青年人才居留动因在不同地区存在异质性。由此提出提升城市资源供给与青年人才需求的适配度、推进住房与户籍政策逐步脱钩、提升城市生态人文环境的普惠性与包容性、因地制宜制定人才政策等政策性建议。

This paper focuses on the demand of young talents in different stages and the supply of urban resources.The framework“demand pressure-supply state-behavior response”is constructed based on the perspective of supply and demand matching.And,combined with CMDS data,the multivariate LOGIT Model is used to find the motivation of young talents choice,aiming to explore the optimize ideas of talent policy in the new era.The result shows that:the residence intention of young talents is affected by the matching between their demand and urban supply in different stages.The initial stage,their decision depends on the housing pressure.In the short and medium term,the welfare and the policy are the mainly factors.When comes to the long term,young talents pay more attention to environmental factors and psychological needs.Therefore,some policy implications are proposed,including improving the adaptability between city's supply and young talent's demand,promoting the gradual decoupling of housing policies from household registration policies,improving the inclusiveness and inclusiveness of favorable ecological and humanistic environment,as well as formulating talent policies in accordance with local conditions.