地采暖运行工况下木质地板甲醛释放量的变化分析

Analysis of Formaldehyde Emission from Wood-Based Flooring under the Ground-Heating Environment

为研究地采暖环境下木质地板在居室环境中释放甲醛的规律,在地采暖试验房间内分别全屋铺设3种木质地板(三层实木复合地板、多层实木复合地板和浸渍纸层压木质地板,1 m^(3)气候箱法检测其甲醛释放量分别为0.083、0.025和0.080 mg/m^(3)),采用酚试剂分光光度法,在地采暖设施关闭与运行工况下分别测试空气中甲醛质量浓度,以分析木质地板甲醛释放量的变化。结果表明:1)室内全屋铺设木质地板后,按GB 50325—2020《民用建筑工程室内环境污染控制规程》规定在门窗关闭1 h后测试,地采暖设施关闭、运行工况下空气中甲醛质量浓度(含本底值)范围分别为0.025~0.033、0.023~0.043 mg/m^(3),符合GB 50325—2020对Ⅰ类民用建筑室内环境甲醛浓度≤0.07 mg/m^(3)的限量要求;按GB/T 18883—2022《室内空气质量标准》规定,门窗关闭12 h后,地采暖设施关闭、运行工况下空气中甲醛浓度(含本底值)范围分别为0.025~0.039、0.018~0.060 mg/m^(3),达到GB/T 18883—2022对空气质量甲醛浓度≤0.08 mg/m^(3)的要求;2)空气中甲醛质量浓度实测值经Berge方程校正后,与地采暖设备关闭时的室温条件相比,地采暖运行工况下空气中甲醛质量浓度达到峰值的时间均由12 h推迟至24 h,峰值分别增加了9.9%、19.6%和22.8%,稳定值分别增加了15.4%、66.7%和15.8%,表明地采暖运行工况下居室环境内木质地板甲醛释放量增加,周期延长。研究为地采暖模拟舱验证等研究提供数据基础,同时为地采暖用木质地板的合理使用提供参考依据。

In order to evaluate the formaldehyde emission of wood-based flooring under the ground-heating environment,three-layer parquet,multi-layer parquet,and laminate flooring samples were selected to equip experimental rooms with a ground-heating system.The formaldehyde mass concentrations of indoor air in the experimental room were tested by the phenol reagent spectrophotometry at different times under room temperature without or with the ground-heating system running.Results showed:1)the formaldehyde mass concentrations at 1 hour in the test room at room temperature without and with the ground-heating system running ranged from 0.025 to 0.033 mg/m^(3) and 0.023 to 0.043 mg/m^(3) respectively.They met the requirements of the Chinese Standard GB 50325—2020 Standard for indoor environmental pollution control of civil building engineering.While after 12 hours,the formaldehyde mass concentrations at room temperature without and with the ground-heating system running ranged from 0.025 to 0.039 mg/m^(3) and 0.018 to 0.060 mg/m^(3) in the air.The results met the requirement of the Chinese Standard GB/T 18883—2022 Standards for indoor air quality,respectively.2)after correcting the measurements of the formaldehyde mass concentration according to the Berge formula,compared data under the room temperature condition,the time to reach the peak formaldehyde mass concentration from the three wood-based flooring samples under the ground-heating system extended from 12 h to 24 h.The peak formaldehyde mass concentration increased by 9.9%,19.6%,and 22.8%,respectively.The stable peak formaldehyde mass concentration increased by 15.4%,66.7%,and 15.8%,respectively.The research provides a data basis for the verification of related ground-heating simulation cabins.It is an important theoretical basis for the scientific production and rational for applying wood-based flooring under a ground with heating environment.