环境因素诱导昆虫滞育发生的分子机制研究进展

Research progress on the molecular mechanism of insect diapause induced by environmental factors

滞育是生物体为了渡过恶劣环境而进行的一种停滞生长发育的生理状态,主要受遗传和环境因素的影响。研究发现光周期、温度、食物营养和体内激素水平等都能诱导昆虫滞育发生,然而滞育诱导是一个复杂的调控过程,对其分子机制的研究仍不清楚。本文对近年来在滞育诱导相关分子和分子信号通路方面取得的研究进展进行梳理,重点介绍了光周期和温度诱导昆虫滞育发生的分子级联系统,包括生物钟Per/Tim和Clk反馈回路、温度敏感型瞬时受体电位通道、γ-氨基丁酸GABA信号通路、珊瑚青素Corazonin信号通路和胰岛素信号途径等,该综述内容将为昆虫滞育研究提供帮助,同时为利用昆虫滞育进行农林害虫的防治及天敌保护提供理论参考。

Diapause is a kind of physiological state that insects undergo in order to survive the harsh environment.It is mainly affected by genetic factors and environmental factors.It has been found that photoperiod,temperature,food nutrition and hormone levels can induce diapause in insects.However,diapause induction is a complex regulatory process,and its molecular mechanism is not clear.In this paper,we review the recent studies on diapause induction related molecules and molecular signaling pathways,focusing on the molecular cascade system induced by photoperiod and temperature.This review includes Per/Tim and Clk feedback loops,temperature sensitive transient receptor potential channels,GABA signaling pathway and Corazonin signaling pathway,etc.This review will provide help for the study of insect diapause,and provide theoretical reference for the use of insect diaphosis for pest control and natural enemy protection in agriculture and forestry.