棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂对草地贪夜蛾幼虫的室内寄生效果初探

Indoor parasitism performence of Campoletis chlorideae on Spodoptera frugiperda larvae

重大入侵害虫草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith主要危害玉米、水稻等主粮作物,对我国粮食安全造成了极大的威胁,挖掘和利用本土天敌是其绿色防控的重要途径之一。本研究以田间获取的寄生于草地贪夜蛾幼虫的棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂Campoletis chlorideae Uchida为研究对象,对其寄生草地贪夜蛾幼虫的完整过程进行了系统地观察,测定了其寄生于不同龄期草地贪夜蛾幼虫的发育历期。同时,进行了以不同夜蛾科幼虫为寄主时棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂的发育历期和蛹重的差异性分析。结果显示,棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂能够成功寄生2~4龄草地贪夜蛾幼虫,并顺利化蛹。但寄生2龄幼虫的棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂蛹期为4.21±0.52 d,蛹重为6.86±1.27 mg,均显著低于寄生3龄和4龄幼虫。寄生草地贪夜蛾幼虫的棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂的发育历期和蛹重分别为7.35±0.44 d和11.37±0.36 mg,与寄生棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera Hübner和黏虫Mythimna separate Walker幼虫时无显著差异,但均显著高于寄生在斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura Fabricius幼虫时。研究表明,棉铃虫齿唇姬蜂对入侵害虫草地贪夜蛾具有良好的防控潜力,值得进一步研究和开发应用。

Spodoptera frugiperda J.E.Smith poses a great threat to the food security of China.Excavating and utilizing native natural enemy is one of the important measures to manage S.frugiperda.In this study,we systematically observed the complete parasitizing process of Campoletis chlorideae Uchida on S.frugiperda larvae,and determined the developmental duration of this parasitic wasp on different instar larvae of S.frugiperda.At the same time,the preadult developmental duration and pupal weight of C.chlorideae were analyzed when different types of noctuidae larvae were used as hosts.Our results showed that C.chlorideae was able to parasitize the 2~4 instar larvae of S.frugiperda and pupate successfully,but the pupal stage(4.21±0.52 d)and pupa weight(6.86±1.27 mg)of this parasitoid on the 2 nd larvae were significantly lower than those on the 3 rd and 4 th instar larvae.The developmental duration(7.35±0.44 d)and pupal weight(11.37±0.36 mg)of this parasitoid parasitizing on S.frugiperda larvae had no significantly difference from those on Helicoverpa armigera Hübner and Mythimna separate Walker larvae,while they were significantly higher than those parasitizing on S.litura larvae.These results suggested that the C.chlorideae has good biocontrol potential capability against the invasive pest S.frugiperda.