“微公益”网络求助文本语用身份和互文性策略研究——以腾讯乐捐为例

Pragmatic Identity and Intertextuality Strategies of“Micro-Charity”Online Help-seeking Texts--Taking Tencent’s Donation as an Example

“微公益”作为新兴的社会互助模式,解决了求助者话语表达被动的困境,也增强了大众公益的参与性。本文采用“微公益”网络求助文语用身份的互文性策略分析框架,详细考察腾讯乐捐的7篇网络求助文文本发现:发话者会在求助文中建构“弱者”“可靠的叙述者”“有力的执行者”和“值得帮助的人”四种语用身份。医疗救助类和教育助学类求助文在建构“可靠的叙述者”“有力的执行者”和“值得帮助的人”三种身份时都选择体裁互文和多模态互文的话语策略。在建构“弱者”身份时,医疗救助多用体裁互文策略,教育救助多用具体互文策略。

As a new social mutual aid model,micro-charity solves the dilemma of passive expressions of the help-seeking people,and also enhances the public’s participation in welfare activities.Under the framework of an intertextual strategy for the pragmatic identity existing in“micro-charity”online help-seeking texts,a detailed analysis of the seven online help-seeking texts from Tencent’s Donation shows that the speakers generally construct four pragmatic identities in texts:the disadvantaged,a reliable narrator,a powerful executor and persons worthy of help.The help-seeking texts of medical aid and educational aid choose the strategies of genre intertextuality and multimodal intertextuality when constructing a reliable narrator,a powerful executor and persons worthy of help.When constructing the identity of the disadvantage,medical aid tends to use strategy of genre intertextuality,while educational aid mostly uses the strategy of specific intertextuality.