隐蔽线索对基于时间前瞻记忆的影响

Effect of covered cues on time-based prospective memory

本研究通过三个实验,从不同角度考察隐蔽线索对基于时间前瞻记忆的影响,以期进一步了解基于时间前瞻记忆的加工特点。实验1A旨在考察不同进行中任务线索条件下基于时间前瞻记忆的表现差异;实验1B旨在考察不同干扰任务条件下的线索对基于时间前瞻记忆的影响;实验2旨在考察嵌入不同的前瞻记忆任务线索和进行中任务线索对基于时间前瞻记忆的影响。结果表明:(1)适当的隐蔽线索对个体的基于时间前瞻表现具有促进作用。对于提示回溯成分的隐蔽线索,时间线索无论隐藏在进行中任务中还是干扰任务中都显著提高被试基于时间前瞻记忆的表现。(2)与出现在干扰任务阶段中的线索相比,出现在进行中任务阶段中的线索更能提高个体基于时间前瞻记忆的表现,说明线索越临近目标时间,促进效应越大。(3)基于时间范式的线索能够促进基于时间前瞻记忆表现,基于事件的线索则不能。本研究结果支持随机游动模型。

In this study,to further understand the processes of time-based prospective memory,three experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of invisible cues on time-based prospective memory from different perspectives.The purpose of Experiment 1A was to investigate the performance differences of time-based prospective memory under different ongoing task cue conditions;Experiment 1B aimed to examine the effects of cues in different interference task conditions on time-based prospective memory;Experiment 2 aimed to examine the effects of different cues from embed prospective memory task and ongoing task on time-based prospective memory.The results showed that:(1)Effective covert cues could promote time-based prospective performance.For covert cues suggesting the retrospective component of time-based prospective memory,the temporal cues which either hidden in the ongoing task or in the interfered task,significantly improved the performance of time-based prospective memory.(2)Cues appearing in the ongoing task could improve the performance of time-based prospective memory more than in the interfered task,indicating that the closer the cue was to the target time,the greater the facilitation effect was.(3)Cues of time-based prospective memory tasks could promote the performance of time-based prospective memory,while those of event-based prospective memory tasks could not.Our study supports the random walk model.