糖尿病患者空腹血糖与血尿酸对糖尿病视网膜病变的交互作用分析

Analysis of the interaction of fasting blood glucose and serum uric acid on diabetic retinopathy

目的探讨空腹血糖(FBG)与血尿酸(SUA)的交互作用对糖尿病(DM)患者视网膜病变(DR)的影响。方法选取2019年1月至2021年1月于赣南医学院第一附属医院确诊的并接受全面眼科检查的DM患者306例。依据有无DR将所有患者分为DR组(178例)和NDR组(128例)。比较两组患者的一般临床资料,采用最小绝对收缩和选择栓子(LASSO)回归法和多因素Logistic回归分析筛选DM患者发生DR的独立影响因素,并计算危险因素比值比,使用E值法对结果进行敏感性分析。通过相加交互模型分析FBG、SUA对DM患者发生DR的交互作用。构建DM患者发生DR的Nomogram模型并进行内部验证。采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)对FBG、SUA及其交互作用对DM患者发生DR的影响进行评估。结果与NDR组患者相比,DR组患者的DM病程较长,有口服药物治疗史比例较低,有胰岛素治疗史患者比例较高,总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血尿素氮、血肌酐、SUA和FBG水平均明显较高,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。胰岛素治疗史、DM病程≥9.66年、甘油三酯≥2.07 mmol•L^(-1)、SUA≥297.73μmol•L^(-1)、FBG≥8.92 mmol•L^(-1)是影响DM患者发生DR的危险因素,口服药物治疗史是影响DM患者发生DR的保护因素。利用以上独立危险因素构建的Nomogram模型在预测DM患者发生DR准确性良好。SUA和FBG对DM患者发生DR具有交互作用。SUA和FBG交互作用对DR的诊断价值大于二者单独对DR的诊断价值。结论SUA≥297.73μmol•L^(-1)及FBG≥8.92 mmol•L^(-1)是影响DM患者发生DR的危险因素。FBG、SUA二者协同交互作用对DM伴DR的诊断价值大于二者单独存在对DR的诊断价值。

Objective To investigate the impact of the interaction of fasting blood glucose(FBG)and serum uric acid(SUA)on diabetic retinopathy(DR).Methods A total of 306 diabetes mellitus(DM)patients diagnosed and received comprehensive ophthalmic examination in the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected.According to the presence or absence of DR,these patients were divided into the DR group(178 patients)and the non-DR(NDR)group(128 patients).The general clinical data of patients in the two groups were compared.The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)regression method and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to screen the independent influencing factors of DR in DM patients,and the odds ratio of risk factors was calculated.The sensitivity analysis of the results was performed using the E-value method.The interaction of FBG and SUA on DR in DM patients was analyzed by an additive interaction model.The Nomogram model to predict DR in DM patients was constructed and verified internally.The receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was used to evaluate the effects of FBG,SUA and both FBG and SUA on DR in DM patients.Results Compared with the NDR group,the course of DM in the DR group was significantly longer,the proportion of patients with history of oral medication was significantly lower,the proportion of patients with history of insulin therapy was significantly higher,and the levels of total cholesterol,triglyceride,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,blood urea nitrogen,serum creatinine,SUA and FBG were significantly higher(all P<0.05).The history of insulin therapy,course of DM≥9.66 years,TG≥2.07 mmol•L^(-1),SUA≥297.73μmol•L^(-1) and FBG≥8.92 mmol•L^(-1) were the risk factors for DR in DM patients,while the history of oral medication was the protective factor for DR in DM patients.The Nomogram model based on the above independent risk factors was accurate in predicting the occurrence of DR in DM patients.SUA and FBG had interactive effects on DR in DM patients.The value of SUA-FBG interaction in the diagnosis of DR was greater than that of both alone.Conclusion SUA≥297.73μmol•L^(-1) and FBG≥8.92 mmol•L^(-1) are the risk factors for DR in DM patients.The value of interaction of FBG and SUA in the diagnosis of DM accompanied by DR is greater than that of both alone.