铝掺杂氧化锌纳米粉末制备及其对PET的抗静电改性

Preparation of aluminium doped zinc oxide nanopowder and its antistatic modification of PET

采用化学共沉淀法制备了不同含量的Al单元掺杂氧化锌(AZO)纳米粉体,并将自制的纳米AZO粉末用于聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)制备,以提高PET的抗静电性能。利用X射线行射、扫描电子显微镜、热重分析、表面电阻测试仪等测试手段,探究了Al单元掺杂对AZO粉体结构、形貌及电性能的影响。在PET制备过程中加入AZO,探究AZO对PET抗静电性能的影响。结果表明:所制备的AZO纳米粉体为结晶度良好的六方纤锌矿结构。Al掺杂浓度影响AZO粉体形貌、晶体结构及电性能。随着Al掺杂浓度的增加,粉体的结晶质量降低,电性能先变好后变差,粉体尺寸变大,出现团聚、结块现象。适度的Al掺杂可使AZO电阻率达到最低,改善AZO的导电性能。在Al掺杂浓度为2%时,AZO纳米粉体的电性能最佳,电阻率为5.3×10^(4)Ω/m^(2)。使用制备的AZO纳米粉末作为导电填料能有效改善PET的抗静电性能,降低PET/AZO复合材料的表面电阻率,使材料由绝缘体转变为静电耗散体,抗静电性能增强。AZO填充量在0.005%时复合材料的表面电阻率最低,为1.16×10^(10)Ω/m^(2)。

Aluminium(Al) unit doped zinc oxide(AZO) nanopowders with different contents were prepared by chemical coprecipitation method and the homemade AZO nanopowders were used for polyester preparation in order to improve the antistatic properties of polyethylene terephthalate(PET).The effects of Al unit doping on the structure,morphology and electrical properties of AZO powders were investigated by using X-ray radiography,scanning electron microscopy,thermogravimetric analysis,surface resistance tester and other testing methods.In the next step,AZO was added in the process of PET polyester preparation to investigate the effect of AZO on the antistatic properties of PET polyester.The results show that the prepared AZO nanopowders are hexagonal zinc oxide with good crystallinity,and the Al doping concentration affects the morphology,crystal structure and electrical properties of ZnO nanopowders.With the increase of Al doping concentration,the crystalline quality of the powder decreases,the electrical properties become better and then worse,the size of the powder becomes larger,and the phenomenon of agglomeration and agglomeration occurs.Moderate Al doping can make the zinc oxide resistivity to reach the lowest,improve the electrical conductivity of zinc oxide.At Al doping concentration of 2%,the nanopowder has the best electrical properties with resistivity of 5.3×10^(4) Ω/m^(2).The produced AZO powder is used as a conductive filler to prepare PET/AZO nanocomposites,and the lowest surface resistivity of the composites is observed at 0.005 wt% of AZO filler,which is 1.16×10^(10) Ω/m^(2).