急性肾损伤的生物标志物

Biomarkers of acute kidney injury

急性肾损伤(AKI)是由不同病因引起的一种综合征,具有高发病率和高病死率,造成全球疾病负担,并使其成为全球研究的焦点和热点。AKI患者临床表现的个体化差异较大,“精准医疗”面临巨大挑战,但AKI风险评估、早期识别、早期诊断、早期干预及准确评估可能对改善AKI患者的预后有益。文章就生物标志物在AKI高危人群的筛查、早期预警、基于生物标志物的AKI诊断与早期防治新体系及肾功能恢复评估等研究现状进行综述,并对生物标志物联合人工智能等未来可能的研究方向进行展望,期许推动生物标志物导向的AKI诊疗的精准化实施。

Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a multifaceted syndrome caused by a variety of underlying diseases.Its high incidence and mortality rates render it a significant global health concern,which promotes a surge in research efforts worldwide focusing on AKI diagnosis and treatment.It is substantial challenges for precise management of AKI,which is characterized by great difference in clinical manifestations.However,precise risk assessment and early diagnosis and treatment of AKI can potentially improve the prognosis of AKI patients.This article reviews the use of biomarkers in screening high AKI risk patients,facilitating early diagnosis and therapy,and assessing kidney recovery in current research.We also advocate for incorporating machine learning techniques in biomarker-based AKI research to promote precise implementation of biomarker-based AKI diagnosis and therapy.