19个食用黄花菜品种资源生长特性及产量调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis on Growth Characteristics and Yield of 19 Edible Daylily Varieties

从衡阳市农业科学院黄花菜品种资源圃中选择本地主栽和外地有影响力的19个黄花菜品种,对其生长特性和产量进行了跟踪观察和详细记载,并对所记载品种的株叶形态、物候期、花蕾特征和产量等进行综合评价。调查结果表明,高薹品种有大乌嘴(160.3 cm)、棒锤花(150.7 cm)、中期花(155.8 cm)、细叶子花(153.4 cm)、猛子花(153.2 cm)和武平早(152.3 cm),矮薹品种有安民花1号(101.1 cm)、马兰花(114.5 cm)、蟠龙花(116.1 cm)、淮阳花(117.3 cm);各黄花菜品种的花蕾形态差异性较大,一般鲜蕾以披针形为主,长度在8.53~14.13 cm之间,蕾粗在0.44~0.92 cm之间,各品种鲜花产量在26.0~108.0 t/hm^(2)之间,高产型品种白花(108.0 t/hm^(2))、渠县红花菜(84.1 t/hm^(2))产量超过80 t/hm^(2),而线黄花(26.4 t/hm^(2))、猛子花(26.0 t/hm^(2))产量低于30 t/hm^(2),属低产品种。

As local mainly-planted varieties or influential varieties in other places,19 daylily varieties were selected from the daylily variety resource garden of Hengyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,and their growth characteristics and yield were tracked,observed,and recorded in detail.The plant and leaf morphology,phenological period,flower bud characteristics,and yield of the recorded varieties were comprehensively evaluated.The investigation results showed that the high bolt varieties included Dawuzui(160.3 cm),Bangchuihua(150.7 cm),Zhongqihua(155.8 cm),Xiyezihua(153.4 cm),Mengzihua(153.2 cm),and Wupingzao(152.3 cm).The short bolt varieties included Anminhua No.1(101.1 cm),Malanhua(114.5 cm),Panlonghua(116.1 cm),and Huaiyanghua(117.3 cm).There were significant differences in the flower bud morphology among different daylily varieties.Generally,the fresh buds were mainly lanceolate,with a length between 8.53 cm and 14.13 cm,and a bud thickness between 0.44 cm and 0.92 cm.The fresh flower yield of each variety was between 26.0 t/hm^(2) and 108.0 t/hm^(2).The high-yield varieties,such as Baihua(108.0 t/hm^(2))and Quxian Honghuacai(84.1 t/hm^(2)),exceeded 80 t/hm^(2) in yield,while the yield of Xianhuanghua(26.4 t/hm^(2))and Mengzihua(26.0 t/hm^(2))was less than 30 t/hm^(2),belonging to low-yield varieties.