在役压力容器的超声检测技术综述

Review of Ultrasonic Testing Technology for In-Service Pressure Vessels

压力容器是工业生产中常用的特种设备,其内部常常存储高温、高压或腐蚀性介质,长期使用将会产生损伤而导致事故发生,从而需要对在役压力容器进行定期检测。超声检测因其技术优势,广泛应用于压力容器检测,可检测压力容器内部损伤,操作方便快捷、响应快速。总结了在役压力容器的3个主要损伤因素,即腐蚀损伤、焊缝缺陷和泄漏损伤。在分析损伤机理的基础上,综述了使用常规超声检测技术、超声相控阵检测技术和超声衍射时差法检测技术对在役压力容器进行检测,可准确检测损伤,避免造成安全事故。

Pressure vessel is a special equipment commonly used in industrial production.Its internal storage is often high temperature,high pressure or corrosive medium.Long-term use will cause damage and lead to accidents,so it is necessary to carry out regular detection of the in-service pressure vessels.Ultrasonic testing is widely used in pressure vessel detection because of its technical advantages.It can detect the internal damage of pressure vessels,which is convenient,quick and responsive.This paper summarizes that there are usually three main damage factors for in-service pressure vessels,namely corrosion damage,weld defects and leakage damage.Based on the analysis of the damage mechanism,the use of conventional ultrasonic detection technology,ultrasonic phased array detection technology and ultrasonic diffraction time difference detection technology to detect in-service pressure vessels can accurately detect damage and avoid safety accidents.