干旱区人工林稳定性与适宜性的树轮学评价体系构建与应用

Construction and application of a dendrochronological evaluation method for the stability and suitability of artificial forests in arid areas

中国北方干旱区生态系统结构改善及生态功能稳定维持和调控,是目前该区域生态建设的重要研究内容。开展干旱区人工林稳定性和适宜性评价,并提出气候变化背景下人工林稳定性维持的管理对策,对区域生态恢复和可持续发展具有重要实践意义。基于国内外相关研究进展,针对乔灌木人工林主体,初步构建了以树轮学方法为主的稳定性与适宜性评价体系。该评价体系突出树木径向生长过程和气候-环境限制因素分析,辅以林分生长表观、林相特征、立地条件和土壤水分状况等指标对比,基于对人工林稳定性和适宜性的综合评价,提出人工林稳定维持的针对性抚育管理对策。同时展示了黄土高原区不同降雨梯度、林分类型、立地条件和管理方式下多个树种的应用实例,并提出了进一步拓展的领域。

In the arid zone of northern China,an important part of the current research on ecological construc-tion is the improvement of ecosystem structure and the stable maintenance and regulation of ecological functions.The evaluation of the stability and suitability of artificial forests in arid zones and the proposed management mea-sures for maintaining the stability of these forests in the context of climate change are of great practical signifi-cance for regional ecological restoration and sustainable development.Based on the relevant research progress in China and abroad,this paper constructed a preliminary stability and suitability evaluation method mainly based on dendrochronological methods for the artificial tree and shrub forests.The evaluation method highlights the ra-dial growth process of trees and analysis of the limiting factors of different environmental factors,supplemented by comparisons of stand growth appearance,forest features,stand conditions and soil moisture status.Targeted conservation management measures to maintain the stability of artificial forests could be proposed based on a comprehensive evaluation of the stability and suitability of artificial forests.The paper also showed examples of the application of several tree species in the Loess Plateau region under different precipitation gradients,forest stand types,site conditions and management practices,and suggested further expansion.