《船长与仇敌》:格雷厄姆·格林历险小说中民族身份的反思与重构

The Captain and the Enemy:Reflection and Reconstruction of National Identity in Graham Greene's Adventure Novels

格林在其最后一部历险主题小说《船长与仇敌》中讲述了在二战后英帝国的衰落和冷战期间世界政治风云变幻背景下,一对父子通过各自不同的历险体验审视在新老帝国交替之时英国曾经的帝国统治,揭露和批判以美国为首的新帝国主义殖民行径,以唤起人们的民族良知和民族历史意识。格林在小说中不仅描述了战后的英国人在外部大的地理空间和内在小的居住地空间中遭遇的自我表征危机。小说中人物在离家和归家的主题间徘徊,最终选择自我放逐,试图从远离家园的孤立和丧失联系中体验一种充满活力的新知觉状态,重构个体和民族尊严、重建精神家园并重塑身份认同。

Greene's novel writing started and ended in the form of adventure novels.His final novel,The Captain and the Enemy,was written against the backdrop of the decline of the British Empire after the Second World War and the political upheavals around the world during the Cold War.The story is about a father and his adopted son,who have a thirst for adventures.And through their different adventure experiences,they examine Britain's past imperial rule during the power alteration between the new and old empires;criticize the neo-imperialist colonial practices headed by the United States in order to arouse people's national conscience and historical consciousness.Post-war Britain not only suffered from great external geographical,social,cultural and political spatial anxiety,but also deconstructed the traditional ideal family model of the Victorian and Edwardian times,that is,a crisis of self-representation from both the outer large geographical space and the inner small residential space.In the novel,the characters are torn between the themes of leaving and returning home,and finally make an existential choice of self-exile,through which they seek to experience a dynamic new state of consciousness from the isolation and loss of connection far from home,so as to reconstruct individual and national dignity,to rebuild their spiritual home,and to reshape their identity.