接触器低速大吸力合闸优化控制策略

An Optimal Closing Strategy of Low Speed With Large Force for Contactors

为了更好地抑制接触器合闸触头弹跳,提出一种控制策略以优化合闸过程。首先,利用线圈电压与电流作为输入构建参数观测器,实时观测接触器的动态吸力、弹簧反力、动铁心速度及位移。在此基础上,构造双闭环控制结构,外环采用模糊控制逐次调节超程前吸力裕量,内环将吸力裕量与实时弹簧反力叠加用作参考吸力,进行吸力闭环控制,实现外环动铁心合闸速度的逐次迭代优化。将观测位移与触头开距进行实时比较,一旦动铁心运动到超程阶段时,增大吸力参考,使电磁吸力快速增加,实现触头的低速大吸力合闸,以压制动铁心反弹,尽量抑制触头弹跳,并兼顾可靠合闸。通过仿真与实验验证了方案的可行性,该控制策略对依靠电磁力进行操动的电磁及永磁开关的合闸优化具有一定意义。

In order to better inhibit the bouncing of contactors in closing process,this paper presents a control strategy to optimize the closing process.First,the coil voltage and current are used as inputs to construct the parameter observer,so the dynamic electromagnetic force,spring force,movable core velocity and displacement of the contactor can be observed in real time.On this basis,a double closed-loop control structure is constructed.The outer-loop adopts fuzzy control to adjust the force margin before the over-travel iteratively.In the inner-loop,adding the force margin with the spring force in real time as the reference,the force closed-loop control is carried out to realize the iterative optimization of the closing speed in the outer-loop.Meanwhile,the observed displacement is compared with the opening distance of the contacts in real time.Once the movable core moves into the over-travel,the electromagnetic force increases rapidly by increasing the force reference,so it can realize the low speed with large force closing to suppress the rebound of the movable core.It can inhibit contact bounces furthest and meanwhile ensure the reliable closing.The feasibility of the control scheme is verified by simulation and experiment.It is of great significance for optimal control of the electromagnetic switch and the permanent magnet switch which are both operated by electromagnetic force.