儿童消化道真菌感染

Fungal infections of the digestive tract in children

儿童消化道真菌感染可以由多种真菌引起, 其中最常见的是念珠菌和曲霉。侵袭性真菌感染的发生取决于许多因素, 包括地理位置和暴露途径, 以及宿主因素, 如易感条件、高风险药物, 或影响机体免疫功能的基础疾病。随着DNA和核糖体RNA测序和血清学检测的进展, 促进了肠道真菌微生物群的识别和诊断, 现简要阐述儿童胃肠道真菌感染的常见病原菌、危险因素、临床表现、诊断和治疗。

Fungal infections of the digestive tract in children can be caused by a variety of fungi,the most common of which are Candida and Aspergillus.Occurrence of invasive fungal infections is dependent on numerous factors including geographic location and routes of exposure,and host factors,such as predisposing conditions,high-risk medications,or underlying medical comorbidities that modulate overall immune function.However,advances in DNA and ribosomal RNA sequencing and serologic testing have led to shifts in how gut fungal microbiota are identified and in diagnosing opportunistic infections.This article will briefly expound the common pathogens,risk factors,clinical manifestations,diagnosis,and treatment of gastrointestinal fungal infections in children.