本科层次职业教育的政策变迁、现实问题与行动路径

Policy Changes,Practical Problems and Action Paths of Vocational Education at the Undergraduate Level

本科层次职业教育政策文件的出台,有效推动了本科层次职业教育试点的实施及进程。通过对政策文本研究可知,本科层次职业教育大致经历了探索发展、试点实施、稳步推进三个阶段。试点过程中尚存在内涵和定位认识不清、实施主体尚未明确、师资力量薄弱、规模体量偏小、专业开设整体布局欠规划等问题。由此提出本科层次职业教育发展的路径为:支持高职院校作为发展本科层次职业教育的主渠道,明确本科层次职业教育类型定位,加强本科层次职业教育专业课程建设,强化本科层次职业教育师资队伍建设。

National policies have provided effective guidance for the implementation and progress of undergraduate vocational education pilot programs.Through the study of the policy text,it can be seen that undergraduate vocational education has roughly experienced three stages:exploration and development,pilot implementation,and steady advancement.In the pilot process,there are problems such as unclear understanding of connotation and positioning,the main body of implementation is not yet clear,weak teachers,small scale and volume,and inadequate planning for overall program offerings.To address these issues,the fllowing development pathways for undergraduate vocational education are proposed:supporting vocational colleges as the main channel for developing undergraduate vocational education;clarifying the positioning of the type of undergraduate vocational education;strengthening the construction of undergraduate vocational education courses;and reinforcing the con-struction of undergraduate vocational education faculty.