关系转向:21世纪及之后的技术-伦理

Relational Shift:Technology Ethics in the 21st Century and Beyond

伦理学属性判断路径倾向于通过内在属性来赋予某个对象以道德地位,并进行伦理判断,这种前提假设往往面临诸多哲学难题。当代社会中科学技术的迅猛发展,特别是人工智能和机器人的出现要求伦理学从关注个体内在属性转移到对外在社会环境和关系的思考,通过强调关系性的动态伦理来理解道德地位和道德判断等问题。通过建构一种强调关系性、现象学、多样性和情境化的元伦理理论,无疑可以规避伦理学内在属性判断路径中的许多问题,从而帮助我们更好地应对21世纪独特的机遇和挑战。

The properties approach in ethics tends to attribute moral status to an entity based on its intrinsic properties and make ethical judgments accordingly.This premise often encounters various philosophical challenges.In contemporary society,the rapid development of science and technology,especially the emergence of artificial intelligence and robots,demands that ethics shifts its focus from individual properties to the consideration of external social environments and relationships.This shift involves approaching moral and ethical judgments through an emphasis on relational and dynamic ethics.By constructing a meta-ethical theory that highlights relationality,phenomenology,diversity,and contextualization,it undoubtedly can circumvent many of the problems inherent in the properties approach in ethics,thus helping us better address the unique opportunities and challenges of the 21st century.(Note:The abstract is a summary of the talk with the same title,delivered by Dr.David Gunkel on September 30th,2023.)