加热型烟草制品流行情况及其危害的研究进展

Research progress on the prevalence and harm of heated tobacco products

加热型烟草制品,又称加热不燃烧烟草制品,是一种新型烟草制品。它是指通过电子热源加热烟草以产生含有尼古丁的气溶胶供吸烟者吸入的设备。目前,《烟草控制框架公约》对传统燃烧卷烟和电子尼古丁传输系统型电子烟的管控日益严格。在此情形下烟草公司转而在全球范围内积极推广加热型烟草制品。这为全球控烟工作带来了新的挑战,亦可能是我国控烟工作已经面临或即将面临的问题。为此,本文就加热型烟草制品流行情况及其危害的研究进展作一综述,发现目前加热型烟草制品在全球范围内的流行趋势迅猛,而且其危害性可能被淡化,相对于燃烧卷烟、电子烟来说,加热型烟草制品对人体健康的长远影响未完全明确,但已知新增了一些健康风险,例如导致吸烟量快速增加、含有燃烧卷烟中未被发现的有害和潜在有害化合物、对非吸烟者产生门户效应等。因世界各个国家和地区的法律法规、卫生政策、烟草行业的制度和文化的不同,HTP的态度及监管措施存在差异。世界各国/各地应制定更适合本国的政策,加强HTP的监管,预防HTP的流行。

Heated tobacco products(HTP)are a new type of tobacco product,also known as heat-not-burn(HnB)tobacco products.They are devices that use an electronic heat source to heat tobacco and produce aerosols containing nicotine for smokers to inhale.Currently,traditional combustible cigarettes and electronic nicotine delivery systems(ENDS)are increasingly being regulated under the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.Tobacco companies have responded by actively promoting heated tobacco products worldwide,which pose new challenges to global tobacco control efforts and may become a challenge for tobacco control work in China.In reviewing the situation and the potential harm of heated tobacco products,it was noted that HTP are rapidly gaining popularity worldwide,and that their harmfulness may be underestimated.Compared to combustible cigarettes(CC)and ENDS,the long-term health effects of HTP are not fully understood,and they may pose new health risks.Potential health risks include an increase in smoking prevalence,the presence of harmful and potentially harmful compounds not found in CC,and the potential gateway effect on non-smokers.Due to differences in laws,regulations,health policies,institutions,and cultural factors related to the tobacco industry in different countries and regions,attitudes,and regulatory measures towards HTP also vary.It is essential for countries and regions around the world to develop appropriate policies to strengthen control of HTP and prevent their widespread use.