城市道路交叉口交通组织优化设计浅析

Analysis of traffic organization optimization design ofurban road intersections

道路交叉口作为城市路网中的重要节点,其交通组织及运行状况对城市道路交通流量转换起着关键作用。然而,近年来的统计发现,城市道路80%的交通拥堵均与交叉口不合理的交通组织有关。为此,本文首先从规划、设计、信号配时以及交通管理等方面对城市道路交叉口常见的拥堵问题进行了分析,总结归纳了城市道路交叉口交通组织优化的技术路线,提出了利用Transyt或Vissim等软件优化道路交叉口交通组织的设计方法。其次,分别从缩小交叉口范围、合理渠化、从空间和时间上机非分离消除机非冲突、实行左转禁限管理及优化信号配时等方面提出缓解城市道路交叉口拥堵的治理对策。最后结合具体工程案例,利用交通仿真对交叉口交通组织优化设计方法进行了实证,结果表明采用Transyt或Vissim仿真软件经过不同方案的仿真分析、优化后的城市道路交叉口交通效率在延误、停车次数、油耗等方面有了显著的改善。研究结果为城市道路交叉口交通组织优化设计提供了一种新的思路,可为后续其它交叉口的规划、改造设计提供借鉴和参考。

As the essential node of the urban road network,road intersections play a crucial role in the transformation of urban road traffic flow with the traffic organization and operation status.However,recent years’statistics found that 80%of traffic congestion on urban roads is related to unreasonable traffic organization at intersections.Therefore,this paper proposes a design method to optimize the traffic organization of intersections by using Transyt,Vissim and other software by analyzing the common congestion problems at intersections.This method puts forward the countermeasures to alleviate the congestion at urban road intersections from the aspects of reducing the scope of intersections,rationalizing channelization,eliminating the conflict between aircraft and non-aircraft from the separation of aircraft and non-aircraft in space-time,implementing the left-turn restriction management and optimizing the signal timing.Finally,combined with a specific engineering case,the optimization design method of traffic organization at intersections is demonstrated by traffic simulation.The results indicate that using Transyt or Vissim simulation software for simulation analysis of different schemes has significantly improved the traffic efficiency of urban road intersections after optimization in terms of delay,number of stops,fuel consumption,and other aspects.The research results can provide reference for the planning,reconstruction and design of other intersections.