基于有限元分析的液压缸密封圈磨损分析

Wear Analysis of Hydraulic Cylinder Seal Ring Based on Finite Element Method

液压缸密封圈磨损原因较多,难以通过肉眼直观观察,很难找到直接原因,提出基于有限元的液压缸密封圈磨损量分析方法。基于液压缸密封圈几何模型、材料模型和物理模型,分析了橡胶密封圈在应力和应变上的非线性,通过定义应变密度函数,构建了液压缸密封圈的有限元模型。根据液压缸活塞的密封结构,分析了液压缸活塞的运动特点,利用Archard模型描述密封圈的外观特征变化,通过计算密封圈接触面上任意一点的磨损深度,分析液压缸密封圈的磨损量。试验结果表明,所研究方法可以对液压缸密封圈的裂纹深度与裂纹扩展角度进行有效分析,两项指标的试验分析与实测结果基本一致,裂纹深度的试验分析误差最大值仅为0.002 mm。方法有助于提高液压缸设计的密封可靠性。

There are many reasons for the wear of the sealing ring of the hydraulic cylinder.It is difficult to observe directly through the naked eye,and it is difficult to find the direct cause.The wear analysis method of hydraulic cylinder seal ring based on finite element method is proposed.Based on the geometric model,material model and physical model of the hydraulic cylinder seal ring,the nonlinearity of the rubber seal ring in stress and strain is analyzed,and the finite element model of the hydraulic cylinder seal ring is constructed by defining the strain density function.According to the sealing structure of the hydraulic cylinder piston,the movement characteristics of the hydraulic cylinder piston are analyzed,and the appearance feature changes of the seal ring are described by using the Archard model.The wear depth of the seal ring at any point on the contact surface of the seal ring is calculated,and the wear amount of the hydraulic cylinder seal ring is analyzed.The test results show that the research method can effectively analyze the crack depth and crack propagation angle of the hydraulic cylinder sealing ring.The test analysis results of the two indicators are basically consistent with the measured results.The maximum error of the test analysis of the crack depth is only 0.002 mm.Therefore,it shows that the research method is helpful to improve the sealing reliability of hydraulic cylinder design.