系统合理信念维护心理健康:缓和作用与拓展

System-justifying beliefs and mental health:The palliative function and an extension

系统合理信念是指个体对社会系统公正性与合理性的感知。理论与研究表明,系统合理信念具有防御威胁的缓和作用。它通过缓解意识形态失调、补偿个人控制感缺失以及否认或淡化威胁这3类心理机制维护心理健康,并受到情境、个体与时间边界的影响。然而,心理防御的解释忽视了系统合理信念通过“应对”威胁的路径以维护心理健康。未来研究应进一步检验与发展防御-应对整合模型,重视缓和作用的消极后果,并完善相关测量和拓展研究领域。

System-justifying belief pertains to perceiving the fairness and legitimacy of the existing social system.It fulfills a palliative function in safeguarding mental health through three psychological mechanisms:alleviating ideological dissonance,compensating for personal control,and denying or minimizing threats.The efficiency of these mechanisms is also shaped by contextual,individual,and temporal factors.Nevertheless,the psychological defense viewpoint overlooks the potential role of system-justifying beliefs in fostering a“coping”approach to preserve mental health.Future research should further validate and refine the defense-coping model,focus more on the adverse effects of the palliative function,enhance the measurement tools,and expand the breadth of inquiry.