安全生产的政府监管深度与多元政策调适

The Depth of Government Regulation of and Multiple Policy Adjustments for Safety Production

安全生产的政府监管存在治理深度与事故风险严重程度失衡与错位的问题,即监管政策应用中出现的对重大风险轻微处置、对轻微风险严苛规制的现象,这会导致政策实施的低效,不利于发展与安全的统筹,甚至诱发外延风险,带来社会问题。为把握地方政府安全生产监管与风险治理的内在逻辑,以需求溢出理论为观察视角,构建“公共风险—治理深度—监管效能”分析框架,并结合T市开展“包容审慎监管”的案例,依照差异化的事故风险定位监管深度,形成“审慎—包容”两种治理深度不同的监管政策,同时推行监管效能的内部调适政策,在安全生产的同时,也对执法措施冲击群体利益的公共风险予以有效化解。

The government regulation of safety production has the problem of the imbalance and dislocation of the depth of governance depth and the severity of accident risk,characterized by the phenomenon of slight han-dling of major risks and strict regulation of minor risks arising from the regulatory policy application,will lead to the inefficiency of policy implementation,which is not conducive to the overall coordination of development and safety,and even induces extended risks and causes social issues.In order to grasp the intrinsic logic of local government supervision on safety production and risk governance,this article constructs an analytical frame-work delineating the“public risk-governance depth-regulatory effectiveness”nexus from the perspective of demand spillover theory.In this article,according to a case study of the“inclusive and prudential regulation”conducted by City T,the depth of supervision is positioned in the light of differentiated accident risks,“the pru-dential”and“the inclusive”as two kinds of regulatory policies with different governance depths are formulated,and internal policy adjustments for regulatory effectiveness are implemented to mitigate public risks stemming from safety production and to alleviate the impact of law enforcement measures on collective interests.