基于三维激光扫描的植被覆盖边坡监测

Monitoring of vegetation covered slopes based on 3D laser

针对植被覆盖边坡难以获取高精度地面点云数据,导致精确监测边坡地表变形较为困难的问题,本文提出了一种利用布设在边坡体上的传感器获取表面点云数据以提取边坡变形的方法。布设在边坡上的GNSS天线整流罩外形是半径逐渐变化的球形设备,利用点云切片拟合出圆心坐标和半径,通过拟合残差和验后中误差评估点云精度,实现质量控制。通过两期半径的对比,实现同名点匹配,根据两期圆心坐标达到点式监测的目的;根据边坡上的台阶及雨量计的外围设备实现面式监测。实测数据表明,三维激光扫描与GNSS的监测结果一致,可以提取毫米级别的变形。

It is difficult to obtain high-precision ground point cloud data for vegetation covered slopes,which leads that it's difficult to accurately monitor the surface deformation of slopes.In this paper,a method is proposed to extract the deformation of slope by using the point cloud data on the sensor surface distributed on the slope body.The shape of GNSS antenna radome established on the slope is a spherical equipment with gradually changing radius.The circle center coordinates and radius are fitted by the point cloud slice,and the accuracy of the point cloud is evaluated by the fitting residual and the posterior mean square error,the quality control is realized.Through the comparison of radius in two phases,the matching of points with the same name is realized,and the purpose of point monitoring is achieved according to the coordinates of the circle center in two phases.Surface monitoring can be realized according to the steps on the slope and the peripheral equipment of the rain gauge.The measured data shows that the results of 3D laser scanning is consistent with the ones of GNSS monitoring,and the method can extract millimeter level deformation.