我国幼儿园劳动教育政策变迁研究

On Labor Educational Policy Change of Kindergartens in China

以中华人民共和国成立以来国家层面颁布的42份幼儿园劳动教育政策文件为研究样本,运用扎根理论和NVivo11Plus质性工具开展数量、词频文本分析。结果显示:我国幼儿园劳动教育政策经历了初步探索阶段、规范与改进阶段、持续探索阶段、创新与发展阶段等4次变迁。在这4次变迁历程中,相关政策分别明确了劳动目标、劳动内容及劳动实施路径。为了推进幼儿园劳动教育深入开展,在幼儿园劳动教育政策制定中,需要彰显幼儿劳动特色,将劳动教育课程纳入政策行动;完善劳动保障机制,将幼儿园劳动教育发展纳入政策体系;采取多方协同,将多元主体参与渗透政策过程。

Based on 42 policy documents of labor education of kindergartens issued at the country level since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the quantitative and word-frequency text analysis of labor educational policy in kindergartens was carried out by using the grounded theory and NVivo11 Plus qualitative analysis software.The results show that China’s kindergarten labor educational policy has undergone four changes:the initial exploration stage,the normative and improvement stage,the continuous exploration stage,and the innovation and development stage.In the course of these four stages of changes,relevant policies have defined labor objectives,labor content and labor implementation paths.In order to promote the development of kindergarten labor education,it is necessary to highlight the labor characteristics of young children in the policy formulation of kindergarten labor education,incorporate the labor education curriculum into the policy action,improve labor security mechanisms and integrate the development of labor education in kindergartens into the policy system,and take multiparty collaboration to involve multiple actors in the infiltration of policy process.