超声漏诊婴儿胆道闭锁特征

Characteristics of missed ultrasound diagnosis of infant biliary atresia

目的分析超声漏诊的婴儿胆道闭锁(BA)的特征。方法回顾性分析72例超声漏诊BA婴儿(假阴性组,A组)、72例超声诊断正确BA(真阳性组,B组)及72例无BA胆汁淤积症婴儿(对照组,C组),对比其临床资料及超声特征;行logistic回归分析,探讨诊断及漏诊BA的影响因素。结果A、C组间总胆红素、直接胆红素、γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)及谷草转氨酶(GOT),以及B、C组间总胆红素、直接胆红素及GGT差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。A、B组间小胆囊、胆囊壁僵硬、胆囊收缩功能差及肝门部纤维斑块发生率,A、C组间胆囊未探及或囊变、胆囊壁僵硬、胆囊收缩功能差、肝门部纤维斑块及肝门部囊肿发生率,以及B、C组间胆囊未探及或囊变、小胆囊、胆囊壁僵硬、胆囊壁增厚、胆囊收缩功能差及肝门部纤维斑块发生率差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。3组间两两比较胆总管显影率差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。肝门部纤维斑块及胆囊收缩功能差发生率均较低为A组漏诊BA,GGT更高、肝门部纤维斑块及胆囊收缩功能差发生率均更高为A组诊断BA的影响因素(P均<0.05)。结论超声漏诊BA婴儿肝门部纤维斑块及胆囊收缩功能差发生率均较低;结合临床有助于避免漏诊。

Objective To observe the characteristics of infant biliary atresia(BA)missed diagnosis by ultrasound.Methods Data of 72 BA infants missed by ultrasound(false-negative,group A),72 BA infants accurately diagnosed by ultrasound(true-positive,group B)and 72 non BA infants(controls,group C)were retrospectively analyzed.Clinical and ultrasonic features were compared between each 2 groups.Logistic regression analysis was performed to screen the impact factors for diagnosing and missed-diagnosing of BA.Results There were significant differences of total bilirubin,direct bilirubin,gamma glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT)and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT)between group A and C,also of total bilirubin,direct bilirubin and GGT between group B and C(all P<0.05).Significant differences of the incidences of small gallbladder,gallbladder wall rigidity,poor gallbladder contraction function and fibrous plaques in the hepatic hilum were found between group A and B,of undetected or cystic changes in the gallbladder,gallbladder wall rigidity,poor gallbladder contraction function,fibrous plaques in the hepatic hilum and hepatic hilum cysts were noticed between group A and C(all P<0.05),as well as of undetected or cystic changes in the gallbladder,small gallbladder,gallbladder wall rigidity,gallbladder wall thickening,poor gallbladder contraction function and fibrous plaques in the hepatic hilum were detected between group B and C(all P<0.05).There were significant differences of display rate of common bile duct between each 2 groups(all P<0.05).The lower incidence of fibrous plaques in the hepatic hilum and poor gallbladder contraction function were an impact factors for missed diagnosis of BA(both P<0.05),while higher GGT,higher incidence of fibrous plaques in the hepatic hilum and poor gallbladder contraction function were all impact factors for diagnosis of BA in group A(all P<0.05).Conclusion Infant BA missed diagnosis by ultrasound had lower incidence of fibrous plaques in the hepatic hilum and poor gallbladder contractile function.Combining with clinical data was helpful for reducing ultrasonic missed diagnosis of BA in infants.