基于红外相机对广东连南大鲵保护区林下鸟兽多样性监测

Mammals and Birds Diversity Survey Using Camera Trapping in Guangdong Liannan Dani Provincial Nature Reserve

林下大中型兽类和地栖型鸟类的监测是生物多样性保护的重要一环。通过公里网格抽样方案,在广东连南大鲵省级自然保护区全域及其周边共设置43个红外相机监测点,对保护区内及周边大中型兽类和地栖型鸟类开展物种多样性监测,并分析保护区内外物种多样性的差异。2022年4月—2023年4月,红外相机累计有效工作时长13765个相机日,拍摄独立有效照片共计1502份,其中兽类687份、鸟类815份。共鉴定43种野生动物,隶属于2纲11目23科,其中兽类16种、鸟类27种;属于国家一级重点保护野生动物1种(黄腹角雉Tragopan caboti),国家二级重点保护动物10种,其中兽类4种,鸟类6种。相对多度指数排前三的兽类依次为野猪Sus scrofa、鼬獾Melogale moschata、红腿长吻松鼠Dremomys pyrrhomerus,鸟类依次为白鹇Lophura nycthemera、虎斑地鸫Zoothera aurea、紫啸鸫Myophonus caeruleus;网格占有率排前三的兽类依次为野猪、豹猫Prionailurus bengalensis、鼬獾,鸟类依次为白鹇、虎斑地鸫、紫啸鸫。研究结果初步掌握了广东连南大鲵省级自然保护区及周边区域大中型兽类和地栖型鸟类种类组成、相对多度及分布状况。

Monitoring of large and medium-sized mammals and terrestrial birds is an important part of biodiversity conservation.In this study,we monitored the species diversity of large and medium-sized mammals and terrestrial birds based on the 43 camera trapping sites in Guangdong Liannan Dani Provincial Nature Reserve and its surrounding forests and then compared the species diversity between inside and outside of the reserve.A total of 1502 independent images(687 belonged to mammals,815 belonged to birds)were collected with up to 13765 camera days from April 2022 to April 2023.We recorded 43 species belonging to 2 classes,11 orders,and 23 families.There were 16 mammal species and 27 bird species,among which Cabots tragopan(Tragopan caboti)was listed as ClassⅡNational Key Protected,and 10 species were listed as Class II National Key Pro-tected Species in China.According to the relative abundance index(RAI),the top three mammal species were Sus scrofa,Melogale moschata,and Dremomys pyrrhomerus;and the top three avian species Lophura nycthem-era,Zoothera aurea,and Myophonus caeruleus.According to the grid occupancy,the top three mammals were Sus scrofa,Prionailurus bengalensis,and Melogale moschata;and the top three avian species were Lo-phura nycthemera,Zoothera aurea,and Myophonus caeruleus.The results of this study provide basic data for the species composition,relative abundance,and distribution of large and medium-sized mammals and terrestrial birds inside and outside Guangdong Liannan Dani Provincial Nature Reserve.