由隔爆外壳保护的大容量锂离子蓄电池设备试验方法分析

Analysis on Test Methods for Large Capacity Lithium-ion Battery Equipment Protected by Explosion-proof Enclosures

由隔爆外壳保护的大容量锂离子蓄电池设备,若锂离子电池发生热失控则会产生大量高温烟雾和可燃气体,迅速改变隔爆外壳内的压力、温度及爆炸性气体组分,使该设备的使用环境发生变化,需附加新的评估和试验。针对上述情形,分析了电池热失控对隔爆外壳的有害影响,并结合GB/T 3836和IEC 60079标准要求,给出了隔爆外壳型式试验的具体方案。根据试验方案,提出了电池额定容量、电池容量(或体积)与隔爆外壳净容积比值2个评定指标,并探讨了需研究的内容和可采取的措施,为该类设备的隔爆外壳设计及防爆认证提供了启发和建议。

The high-capacity lithium-ion battery equipment protected by an explosion-proof shell will generate a large amount of high-temperature smoke and combustible gas if the lithium-ion battery experiences thermal runaway,rapidly changing the pressure,temperature,and explosive gas composition inside the explosion-proof shell,causing changes in the operating environment of the equipment,requiring additional evaluation and testing.In response to the above situation,the harmful effects of thermal runaway of batteries on explosion-proof enclosures were analyzed,and a specific plan for type testing of explosion-proof enclosures was provided in combination with the requirements of GB/T 3836 and IEC 60079 standards.According to the experimental plan,two evaluation indicators were proposed,namely the rated capacity of the battery,the ratio of battery capacity(or volume)to the net volume of the explosion-proof enclosure,and the content that needs to be studied and the measures that can be taken were discussed.Inspiration and suggestions were provided for the design and explosion-proof certification of explosion-proof enclosures for this type of equipment.