上海市浦东新区0-12岁儿童家长水痘和水痘疫苗接种知识、态度和行为调查

Knowledge,attitudes,and behaviors about varicella and varicella vaccination among parents of children 0-12 years of age:a cross-sectional survey in Pudong district of Shanghai

目的 了解上海市浦东新区儿童家长水痘和水痘疫苗(Varicella vaccine,VarV)接种知识、态度和行为。方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,在浦东新区幼儿园和小学抽取0-12岁儿童的家长开展问卷调查,分析家长水痘和VarV接种知识和态度的平均得分(满分分别为4分和30分)、儿童VarV接种率及其影响因素。结果 在2 495名儿童家长中,水痘和VarV接种知识和态度平均得分(±标准差)分别为2.56(±1.09)分、24.73(±5.73)分,儿童VarV接种率为99.68%(2 487/2 495)。多因素回归模型分析显示,家长性别、职业、获取信息渠道、VarV/带状疱疹疫苗免疫史是影响其相关知识的因素;家长文化程度、获取信息渠道、VarV/带状疱疹疫苗免疫史和水痘感染史是影响其相关态度的因素;家长VarV/带状疱疹疫苗免疫史是影响其为儿童接种VarV的因素。结论 调查地区儿童家长水痘和VarV接种认知和儿童VarV接种率均处于较高水平。需加强儿童水痘和VarV接种相关知识的精准宣传,巩固儿童VarV接种率。

Objective To explore knowledge,attitudes,and behaviors about varicella and varicella vaccination among parents of children in Pudong district of Shanghai.Methods We used a multistage stratified random sampling method to select parents of 0-12-year-old children from kindergartens and primary schools in Pudong for a questionnaire-based survey.We analyzed mean scores of parents' knowledge and attitudes about varicella and varicella vaccination(maximum scores,4 and 30,respectively),varicella vaccine(VarV) coverage,and influencing factors.Results Among the 2 495 parents surveyed,mean scores(± standard deviation) of knowledge and attitudes about varicella and varicella vaccination were 2.56(±1.09) and 24.73(±5.73),respectively,with VarV coverage of 99.68%(2 487/2 495).Multivariate regression analyses showed that parents' gender,occupation,information channels,and VarV/herpes zoster(HZ) vaccination history were factors influencing knowledge;parents' education level,information channels,VarV/HZ vaccination history,and varicella infection history were factors influencing attitudes;parents' VarV/HZ vaccination history was a factor influencing varicella vaccination of children.Conclusions The level of knowledge and scores on attitudes about varicella and varicella vaccination were high among parents;VarV coverage in children was also high.We should strengthen precise publicity of varicella and childhood varicella vaccination to consolidate gains in VarV coverage in children.