北京市朝阳区≥50岁慢性病患者带状疱疹疫苗接种率和接种意愿

Herpes zoster vaccine coverage and willingness to receive the vaccine among≥50-year-old patients with chronic diseases in Chaoyang district of Beijing

目的分析≥50岁慢性病患者带状疱疹(Herpes zoster,HZ)疫苗接种率和接种意愿。方法2023年3-6月采用多阶段抽样方法,在北京市朝阳区14个街道或乡选择≥50岁慢性病患者开展问卷调查,分析HZ疫苗接种率和接种意愿及其影响因素。结果调查对象HZ疫苗接种率为9.95%(117/1176),在尚未接种HZ疫苗的调查对象中56.75%(601/1059)愿意接种疫苗。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,知道曾患水痘者可能患HZ、听说过HZ疫苗、医务人员建议接种HZ疫苗的调查对象HZ疫苗接种率高;听说过HZ疫苗、患慢性病种类<4种、医务人员建议接种HZ疫苗、对当前疫苗价格接受度高、患流感频率高的调查对象接种意愿高。结论调查地区≥50岁慢性病患者HZ疫苗接种率和接种意愿总体较低;需加强居民HZ疫苗相关知识健康教育、医务人员宣传和推荐以及接种服务便利性,并减轻疫苗接种的经济负担。

Objective To determine coverage of herpes zoster(HZ)vaccine and willingness to receive the vaccine among≥50-year-old patients with chronic diseases.Methods We used a multistage sampling method to enroll≥50-year-old patients with chronic disease from 14 townships in Chaoyang district of Beijing for a questionnaire-based survey conducted from March to June 2023.We analyzed HZ vaccine coverage and willingness to receive the vaccine and identified influencing factors.Results HZ vaccine coverage was 9.95%(117/1176);56.75%(601/1059)of subjects without a history HZ vaccination were willing to receive the vaccine.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that coverage was higher among subjects who knew that people who had had varicella might suffer from HZ,who heard of HZ vaccine,and who had been recommended to receive the vaccine by medical staff.Willingness to receive the vaccine was higher among subjects who heard of HZ vaccine,who had less than four chronic conditions,who were recommended by medical staff to receive HZ vaccine,who had a high acceptance of the current vaccine price,and who frequently suffered from influenza.Conclusions The coverage of HZ vaccine and the willingness to receive the vaccine were low among≥50-year-old patients with chronic diseases in the surveyed areas.It is necessary to strengthen health education on HZ-related knowledge for residents,conduct publicity campaigns,promote recommendations by medical staff,make vaccination services convenient,and reduce the economic burden of HZ vaccination.