天基在轨组装技术研究趋势及应用设想

Research Trend and Application Ideas of Space-based In-orbit Assembly Technology

航天运输技术是体现国家航天水平的重要标志,是实现人类进入空间和利用空间的主要途径。阐述了在轨组装概念及分类,介绍了国内外天基在轨组装技术的研究现状。为保障大型空间设施如空间站、大尺寸天线等在轨建造和星际航行任务顺利实施,从运载系统的角度通过天基在轨组装技术提升航天运输能力,提出了空间站货运补给、载人火星探测、空间发射服务平台及空间燃料站等应用设想,剖析在轨组装技术的发展趋势,以支撑中国空间站、载人月球/火星探测等深空探测任务实施。天基在轨组装是大型空间结构未来发展的必然趋势和有效途径,也是以太空为基地进行航天器在轨发射运输系统的基础。

Space transportation technology is an important symbol to reflect the national space level,and it is the main way to realize the entry and utilization of space by human beings.The concept and classification of in-orbit assembly is described,and the research status of space-based in-orbit assembly technology at home and abroad is introduced.In order to ensure the construction of large space facilities such as space stations,large-scale antennas and the smooth implementation of interstellar navigation missions,the space transportation capacity is improved through in-orbit assembly technology from the perspective of launch vehicle system.The application ideas of space station cargo supply,manned Mars exploration,space launch service platform and space fuel station are put forward,and the development trend of in-orbit assembly technology is analyzed.The implementation of deep space exploration missions such as China's space station,manned moon/Mars exploration and others will be supported.Space-based in-orbit assembly technology will be the inevitable trend and effective way of the future development of large-scale spatial structure,and it is also the basis of spacecraft in-orbit launch and transportation system based on space.