百年来吴澄及草庐学派研究述评

Review on the research of Wu Cheng and the Caolu school of thoughts in the past hundred years

元代由吴澄创立的草庐学派,向来被认为是在接武朱子学的同时,对陆九渊心学也有所吸收。百年来关于吴澄及草庐学派的研究,多立足于此重点分析学派思想中的朱陆关系。按时段与进度,大致可分为四个阶段:第一阶段为民国时期,多以哲学史书写的视角,简要辨析吴澄思想中的朱陆成分;第二阶段为1949年至1980年,主要以我国台湾地区及海外讨论吴澄在元代的身份问题为主;第三阶段为19世纪80年代至20世纪末,在研究深度、广度方面,均取得了超越前代的成绩;第四阶段为21世纪以来,突出了去“朱陆”化、重群体的新变。百年来吴澄及草庐学派的研究呈现出从无到有、从个人到学派、从思想单一到多元面向的发展趋势。

The Caolu school of thoughts,founded by Wu Cheng in the Yuan dynasty,has always been considered to have followed the school of Master Zhu and in the meantime,and have learned from Lu Jiuyuan’s school of the universal mind.Therefore,the research in the past hundred years on Wu Cheng and Caolu school of thoughts has mainly analyzed the relationship between Zhu Xi’s and Lu Jiuyuan’s thoughts.Based on time and progress,the research can be divided into four stages.The first stage is during the Republic of China,when the study focused on the influence from Zhu Xi and Lu Jiuyuan in Wu Cheng’s thought from the perspective of philosophical history writing.The second stage covers the period from 1949 to 1980,mainly by scholars from Chinese Taiwan and abroad.They discussed Wu Cheng’s identity in the Yuan dynasty.The third stage is from 1981 to the 21st Century,during which the research depth and breadth have surpassed the previous generations.The 21st Century to the present has been the fourth stage.The research has been away from the analysis of Zhu Xi’s and Lu Jiuyuan’s thoughts,and paid more attention to Caolu school of thoughts.Over the past hundred years,the research on Wu Cheng and the Caolu school has shown a development trend from scratch,from the focus on individuals to the school itself,from simple focus to multi-dimensional research.