殖民时期德国在东非的森林政策及影响

German forestry policies and their influence on East Africa during the colonial period

19世纪末,德国逐渐在东非扩张其殖民统治。为实施所谓的科学森林政策和获得经济利益,德国殖民者基于自身经验最早在东非实施一系列森林管理政策。这些政策的实施破坏了当地原本人与自然和谐共生的关系,对当地的生态和社会产生深远的影响,引发非洲人的反抗。德国对东非殖民地森林管理的失败经历表明,生态治理必须尊重当地原本的人地关系、历史与文化。

At the end of the nineteenth century,Germany gradually expanded its colonial ruling in East Africa.In order to implement the so-called scientific forestry policies and gain economic benefits,the German colonists were the first to formulate a series of forestry policies in East Africa based on their own experience,which destroyed the original harmonious relationship between local people and nature.It had a devastating impact on the local ecology and society,consequently,triggered the resistance of Africans.Germany’s failure in forestry management in colonial East Africa shows that ecological management must respect the local human-land relationship,local history and culture.