现代产业链韧性评价及提升路径

Modern Industrial Chain Toughness Evaluation and Path Improvement

国际变局加剧产业链发展风险,产业链韧性是建设现代化产业体系和提升产业链安全的重要基础。理解产业链韧性的内涵及影响因素是建立产业链韧性理论分析的基础,构建包括产业链基础能力、产业链抵御能力、产业链链条控制力和产业链创新能力在内的多维评价指标体系,通过熵值法对产业链韧性水平进行测度评价,并与美国、日本、印度等国家进行国际比较。研究发现,支撑中国产业链韧性的主要因素是包括基础设施、劳动力供给在内的产业链基础能力。与发达国家相比,产业链抵御能力和产业链创新能力对产业链韧性提升的贡献相对较低;近年来中国产业链韧性水平总体呈现上升趋势,但是增速放缓。因此,应该加快关键核心技术攻关的产业链创新能力,提升产业链治理能力,积极开展高水平对外开放和推动产业链数字化转型,成为提升中国产业链韧性的主要政策主张。

International changes increase the risk of industrial chain development and industrial chain resilience is an important basis for building a modern industrial system and improving industrial chain security.Understanding the connotation and influencing factors of industrial chain resilience is the basis for theoretical analysis of industrial chain resilience.A multi-dimensional evaluation index system is constructed,including the basic capability of industrial chain,the resilience of industrial chain,the control power of industrial chain and the innovation capability of industrial chain.The level of industrial chain resilience is measured and evaluated by entropy method,and compared internationally with countries such as the United States,Japan and India.It is found that the main factor supporting the resilience of China’s industrial chain is the basic capacity of the industrial chain,including infrastructure and labor supply.Compared with developed countries,the contribution of industrial chain resilience and industrial chain innovation capability to the improvement of industrial chain resilience is relatively low.In recent years,the resilience level of China’s industrial chain has generally shown an upward trend,but the growth rate has slowed down.From a global perspective,the comprehensive index of industrial chain resilience,industrial chain resilience and industrial chain control of the United States is significantly better than other measurement countries.Japan has obvious advantages in industrial chain resilience and industrial chain innovation,but level of industrial chain resilience in India is low.Therefore,it is necessary to promote the integration of industrial chain innovation and accelerate the development of advanced manufacturing clusters;It is also necessary to strengthen industrial chain governance and improve the control of industrial chain.At the same time,continue to open up at a high level and strengthen the resilience of the industrial chain.It is also necessary to accelerate the digital transformation of the industrial chain and improve the level of digital development and governance,improve the fiscal,tax and financial service mechanism of the industrial innovation chain and promote the high-quality development of the modern industrial chain.