网络隔空猥亵犯罪的规范原理与认定标准

The Normative Principle and Identification Standard of Network Indecent Crime

网络猥亵基于隔空实施的特点在认定猥亵犯罪时存在适用争议。即便司法解释规定了部分对未成年人的网络猥亵犯罪认定标准,但网络隔空猥亵犯罪在行为方式、手段强制性、罪量判断、侵害对象区分、加重情节上仍存在认定困境。造成这些困境的原因在于猥亵犯罪基于身体接触禁忌的传统规范原理无法适用于网络隔空猥亵情形,应根据网络猥亵的特点向隔空防范的规范原理转型,在法益上扩张性自主权范围,在强制属性上转向精神强制,在行为方式上明确隔空操纵式与暴露式猥亵的新形式,并以心理侵害程度确定罪量标准。在规范原理更新的基础上,可以有效解决网络隔空猥亵认定难题,在行为方式上明确隔空实施的特性与类型,明确精神强制的认定标准,以心理侵害程度进行罪量区分判断,同时明晰成年人与未成年人对象的认定标准差异、明确网络聚众与公共场所当众的隔空认定标准。

Based on the characteristics of network indecency,there are some disputes in the application of indecency crime.Even if the judicial interpretation provides some standards for the identification of online indecency crimes against minors,there are difficulties in the identification of online indecency crimes in terms of behavior mode,coercive means,judgment of crime amount,distinction of the object of infringement,and aggravating circumstances.The reason for these difficulties is that the traditional normative principle of indecency crime based on the taboo of physical contact cannot be applied to the situation of network indecency.According to the characteristics of network indecency,we should transform to the normative principle of space prevention,expand the scope of autonomy in legal interests,turn to spiritual coercion in compulsory attributes,and define new forms of space manipulation and exposure indecency in behavioral modes.And determine the standard of crime according to the degree of psychological assault.On the basis of the updating of the normative principle,it can effectively solve the problem of the identification of network space indecency,clarify the characteristics and types of the implementation of space separation in the way of behavior,clarify the identification standards of mental coercion,distinguish and judge the amount of crime according to the degree of psychological abuse,clarify the difference in the identification standards of adults and minors,and clarify the identification standards of network gathering and public space.