陕西省6所监狱警察心理资本对角色压力与职业倦怠关系的调节作用

Moderating role of psychological capital on relationship between role stress and job burnout among policemen in six prisons in Shaanxi Province

目的了解陕西省监狱警察角色压力与职业倦怠的关系,检验心理资本对二者的调节作用,为干预监狱警察职业倦怠提供依据。方法2022年7—9月,采用方便抽样方法,选择陕西省陕北、关中和陕南地区6所监狱的225名监狱警察为调查对象,采用《角色压力源问卷》《Maslach职业倦怠调查普适量表》《心理资本问卷》对其进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果监狱警察职业倦怠检出率为83.6%(188/225)。角色压力得分[M(P_(25),P_(75))]为50.0(45.0,54.5)分,职业倦怠得分为65.0(56.0,72.0)分,心理资本得分为(93.4±19.7)分。职业倦怠与角色压力呈正相关(r_(S)=0.281,P<0.01),与心理资本呈负相关(r_(S)=-0.194,P<0.01);心理资本与角色压力呈负相关(r_(S)=-0.145,P<0.05)。心理资本在角色压力与职业倦怠间起调节作用(β=-0.156,P<0.05);在低心理资本组中,角色压力对职业倦怠具有正向预测作用[简单斜率(simple slope)=0.417,P<0.01],在高心理资本组中,角色压力并不能预测职业倦怠(simple slope=0.104,P>0.05)。结论陕西省监狱警察角色压力对职业倦怠有一定正向预测作用,心理资本可调节角色压力对职业倦怠的影响水平,提示监所应通过减少角色压力、提高心理资本的方式,干预监狱警察职业倦怠。

Objective To explore the relationship between role stress and job burnout of prison policemen in Shaanxi Province,examine the moderating effect of psychological capital on them,so as to provide a basis for intervening job burnout of prison policemen.Methods From July to September 2022,a total of 225 policemen from six prisons in northern Shaanxi,Guanzhong and Southern Shaanxi were selected as the research subjects using convenience sampling method.The Role Stressor Questionnaire,Maslach Burnout Questionnaire General Survey and Psychological Capital Questionnaire were used for investigation,and the data were analyzed.Results The detection rate of job burnout of prison policemen was 83.6%(188/225).The role stress score[M(P_(25),P_(75))]was 50.0(45.0,54.5)points,the job burnout score was 65.00(56.0,72.0)points,and the psychological capital score was(93.4±19.7)points.The job burnout was positively correlated with role stress(r_(S)=0.281,P<0.01),and negatively correlated with psychological capital(r_(S)=-0.194,P<0.01).The Psychological capital was negatively correlated with role stress(r_(S)=-0.145,P<0.05).The psychological capital moderated the relationship between role stress and job burnout(β=-0.156,P<0.05).The role stress had a positive predictive effect on job burnout in the low psychological capital group(simple slope=0.417,P<0.01),while role stress could not significantly predict job burnout in the high psychological capital group(simple slope=0.104,P>0.05).Conclusion The role stress of prison policemen in Shaanxi Province has a positive predictive effect on job burnout,the psychological capital can adjust the influence level of role stress on job burnout,suggesting that prison should intervene in job burnout of prison policemen by reducing role stress and improving psychological capital.